Choline and Betaine Intakes Are Not Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Risk in Japanese Men and Women

Nagata, Chisato; Wada, Keiko; Tamura, Takashi; Konishi, Kie; Kawachi, Toshiaki; Tsuji, Michiko; Nakamura, Kozue

doi:10.3945/jn.114.209296

Cited by 51 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Indeed, our finding of an increase in AMI risk with increasing SM intake is consistent with the 225 findings of Nagata et al [28], despite differences in choline sources in a typical Japanese diet 226 compared to a Nordic diet [6]. containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) [33].…”

supporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, the authors did 219 not observe an association between PC intake and incident CVD and suggested that the effects 220 21 of PC intake may be stronger on CVD prognosis than on CVD development. A Japanese 221 population-based cohort study [28] found a positive association of SM, but not PC or total 222 choline with cardiovascular mortality risk in healthy men. In animal studies, feeding SM to 223 either LDLr KO mice [29] or apoE -/mice [30] gave contradicting results on atherogenesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Dietary choline is related to increased risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina pectoris

et al. 2020

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confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary choline is related to increased risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina pectoris

et al. 2020

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“…One recent study showed that dietary L-carnitine supplementation, which modestly raised circulating TMAO levels, was associated with a ~15% decrease in aortic atherosclerotic lesion area without altering aortic cholesterol content in apoE −/− mice transgenically expressing human cholesteryl ester transfer protein 93 . Furthermore, a large (n=29,079) population study in Japan demonstrated that dietary choline and betaine intak, estimated by a semi-quantitative food questionnaire, was not associated with CVD mortality 94 . Likewise, in the large (n=14,430) American-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study it was found that dietary choline intake was not significantly associated with CVD 95 .…”

Section: Microbial Metabolites In Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial modulation of cardiovascular disease

2018

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Although diet has long been known to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD), research over the past decade has revealed an unexpected interplay between nutrient intake, gut microbial metabolism and the host to modify the risk of developing CVD. Microbial-associated molecular patterns are sensed by host pattern recognition receptors and have been suggested to drive CVD pathogenesis. In addition, the host microbiota produces various metabolites, such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, short chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, that affect CVD pathogenesis. These recent advances support the notion that targeting the interactions between the host and microorganisms may hold promise for the prevention or treatment of CVD. In this Review, we summarize our current knowledge of the gut microbial mechanisms that drive CVD, with special emphasis on therapeutic interventions, and we highlight the need to establish causal links between microbial pathways and CVD pathogenesis

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“…4,6 In addition to de novo synthesis primarily in liver and kidney, betaine is also obtained from dietary sources. 4 No associations of dietary choline and betaine with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have been reported, [7][8][9] whereas circulating choline and its metabolites have been associated with lifestyle diseases including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. 4,6,10,11 However, less attention has been paid to the possible associations between choline metabolites and cardiac arrhythmias, although a recent metabolomics study suggested no significant association between plasma betaine and incident AF in the populationbased Framingham Study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Plasma Concentrations and Dietary Intakes of Choline and Betaine in Association With Atrial Fibrillation Risk: Results From 3 Prospective Cohorts With Different Health Profiles

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Svingen

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et al. 2018

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BackgroundAlthough choline metabolism has been associated with atherosclerotic heart disease, less research attention has been paid to the associations of choline and its oxidative metabolite betaine with cardiac arrhythmias.Methods and ResultsWe evaluated associations of plasma concentrations and dietary intakes of choline and betaine with long‐term atrial fibrillation (AF) risk in a community‐based cohort, HUSK ([the Hordaland Health Study] n=6949), and validated the findings in 2 patient cohorts: the Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort (n=4164) and the NORVIT (Norwegian B‐Vitamin) Trial (n=3733). Information on AF was obtained from the CVDNOR (Cardiovascular Disease in Norway) project. In HUSK, WECAC (Western Norway Coronary Angiography Cohort), and NORVIT, 552, 411, and 663 AF cases were identified during a median follow‐up time of 10.9, 7.3, and, 8.7 years, respectively. Plasma concentrations of choline and betaine were significantly positively associated with later AF risk after multivariable adjustments in HUSK. Such associations were independently replicated in the 2 external prospective patient cohorts. The pooled hazard ratio was 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.08‐1.19, P<0.001) and 1.16 (95% confidence interval 1.10‐1.22, P<0.001) per SD increment for log‐transformed choline and betaine, respectively. Moreover, dietary intake of choline was marginally associated with AF risk (pooled hazard ratio 1.29, 95% confidence interval 1.01‐1.66, fifth versus first quintile), whereas no significant association was observed between dietary betaine and AF risk.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that plasma concentrations as well as dietary intake of choline, but not betaine, are associated with subsequent risk of AF, suggesting a potential role of choline metabolism in the pathogenesis of AF.Clinical Trial RegistrationURL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov.Unique identifier: NCT00671346.

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Choline and Betaine Intakes Are Not Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Risk in Japanese Men and Women

Abstract: Overall, we found no clear evidence of significant associations between choline and betaine intakes and cardiovascular disease mortality risk in Japanese men and women.

Cited by 51 publications

References 40 publications

Dietary choline is related to increased risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina pectoris

Dietary choline is related to increased risk of acute myocardial infarction in patients with stable angina pectoris

Microbial modulation of cardiovascular disease

Plasma Concentrations and Dietary Intakes of Choline and Betaine in Association With Atrial Fibrillation Risk: Results From 3 Prospective Cohorts With Different Health Profiles

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