Cholinergic innervation of the rat dentate gyrus: an immunocytochemical and electron microscopical study

Clarke, D.J.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(85)91253-3

Cited by 113 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Therefore, it would have been better to study the distribution of ChAT. However, the distribution of ChAT and AChE in the dentate area is very similar in humans [de Lacalle et al, 1994], in rats [Clarke, 1985] and in the lizards Gekko gecko [Hoogland and Vermeulen-VanderZee, 1990] and Gallotia [Regidor and Poch, 1988;Medina et al, 1993]. Moreover, Tupinambis nigropunctatus is no longer available for experimental studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Thalamic and Cholinergic Projections in the ‘Dentate Area’ of Lizards

et al. 1998

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The small-celled part of the medial cortex (Cxms) in lizards is comparable to the hippocampal area dentata in mammals. As in mammals, most of the afferents to this cortical area are arranged in sharply delimited laminae. In reptiles this lamination pattern is species-specific. In the lizard Tupinambis nigropunctatus projections from the multisensory dorsolateral thalamic nucleus (Dla) terminate in the middle one-third of the outer plexiform layer throughout the whole rostrocaudal extent of Cxms. In Podarcis hispanica the thalamic projections terminate not only in the middle one-third of Cxms but also in the inner plexiform layer. To find out whether the species-related variation of thalamic projections to Cxms is a solitary phenomenon or is related to variations of other afferents of Cxms, we studied the relationships between the thalamic and cholinergic projections from the basal telencephalon in the medial cortex of three lizard families: the Lacertidae, the Teiidae and the Gekkonidae. In the gekkonid lizards Gekko gecko and Eublepharius macularius, Dla projections were studied with the anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin. Projections were found in only the rostral one-third of Cxms where the fibers terminate in the superficial half of the outer plexiform layer and in the deep half of the inner plexiform layer. From acetylcholinesterase staining in the Cxms of representatives of these three lizard families, it appeared that the main cholinergic afferents terminate in the same subregions and the same laminae as the Dla projections. Therefore, there seems to be a close association between thalamic and cholinergic afferents in the Cxms of lizards, irrespective of their precise location in the cortex of the various species. This suggests a functional relationship between these two afferents of the dentate area in lizards.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Thalamic and Cholinergic Projections in the ‘Dentate Area’ of Lizards

et al. 1998

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“…Presently, it is well established that p~midal neurons and granule cells as well as some nonpyramidal neurons receive a cholinergic innervation from the medial septum-diagonal band complex, and therefore belong to the (muscarinic) cholinoceptive system (13,16,17,24). In addition, a subclass of the cholinergitally innervated nonpyr~d~ neurons in the hilar re.gion of the dentate gyms was proven to be SOMergic in nature (27,29).…”

Section: Somatostatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the (muscarinic) cholinoceptive principal and SOMergic intemeurons are simultaneously innervated by the septal cholinergic neurons (13,16,17,24). The functional implication of a combined release of somatostatin and acetylcholine upon target cells will vary, depending on the quantity and temporal context (32).…”

Section: Somergic Muscarinic Cholinoceptive Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is ample evidence that the cholinergic septo-hippocampal projection, innervating all major cell groups of the hippocampus in a regional and laminar topography (13,16,17,19,24,31,40), is of significant importance in these functions (8,23,34). Muscarinic ace~lcholine receptors (mAChRs) are considered to be the primary receptors in cholinergic synaptic transmission involved in learning and memory (7,lO).…”

Section: Somatostatinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coexistence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and somatostatin in nonpyramidal neurons of the rat dorsal hippocampus

Zee¹,

Benoit²,

Strosberg³

et al. 1991

Brain Research Bulletin

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“…These studies have also demonstrated that the cholinergic and GABAergic portions of the septohippocampal pathway have different patterns of connectivity within the hippocampal formation, especially the dentate gyrus. Specifically, cholinergic septal afferent terminals contact both granule cells and interneurons, forming both asymmetric and symmetric synapses (Clarke, 1985;Frotscher and Leranth, 1986). A number of the interneurons contacted by the cholinergic septal afferents contain NPY and SOM immunoreactivity and are located in the central region of the hilus (Leranth and Frotscher, 1987;Yamano and Luiten, 1989;Milner and Veznedaroglu, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective changes in hippocampal neuropeptide Y neurons following removal of the cholinergic septal inputs

et al. 1997

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The number and distribution of subpopulations of hilar interneurons containing neuropeptide Y (NPY), somatostatin (SOM), or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) immunoreactivities were examined in the hilus of the dentate gyrus following removal of the cholinergic septal inputs. One, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after intracerebroventricular injections of immunotoxin, consisting of antibody to the low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor conjugated to saporin (192 IgG-saporin), lesioned rats were processed simultaneously with controls for NPY, SOM, or GABA immunolabeling. Across all time points, the number of NPY-labeled neurons was reduced to a statistically significant level (paired t-test, P = 0.001) in the injected rats (73% of control values, on average). The decrease in the number of NPY-labeled neurons was not limited to any particular subregion rostrally but appeared greater in the central region caudally. The size of NPY-labeled neurons did not differ statistically between control and immunolesioned rats examined at 1, 2, and 24 week time points. In contrast, the number of both SOM- and GABA-immunoreactive neurons in injected rats did not appear to be affected in any consistent manner. Examination of the hilus in adjacent Nissl-stained sections with the optical dissector revealed that although the total number of small nonprincipal cells (5-15 microm in diameter) did not appear affected at the 4-week time point, there was a statistically significant (P = 0.03) reduction across the 8-24-week time points (to 80% of control values, on average). Dual-labeling studies on separate rats showed that a small subpopulation of the NPY- and SOM-labeled neurons, primarily in the infragranular hilus, were colocalized with neurons containing GABA immunoreactivity (18% and 5%, respectively). These studies demonstrate that removal of the cholinergic septal inputs (1) can cause relatively rapid, selective decreases in the number of NPY-immunoreactive hippocampal interneurons and (2) appears to lead to the death of hippocampal interneurons over a longer time course. The changes in NPY immunoreactivity seem to occur in the portion of interneurons that probably does not contain either SOM or GABA immunoreactivity.

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Cholinergic innervation of the rat dentate gyrus: an immunocytochemical and electron microscopical study

Cited by 113 publications

References 34 publications

Convergence of Thalamic and Cholinergic Projections in the ‘Dentate Area’ of Lizards

Convergence of Thalamic and Cholinergic Projections in the ‘Dentate Area’ of Lizards

Coexistence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors and somatostatin in nonpyramidal neurons of the rat dorsal hippocampus

Selective changes in hippocampal neuropeptide Y neurons following removal of the cholinergic septal inputs

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