Cholinesterase activities as potential biomarkers: Characterization in two freshwater snails, Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Mollusca, Hydrobiidae, Smith 1889) and Valvata piscinalis (Mollusca, Valvatidae, Müller 1774)

Gagnaire, Béatrice; Geffard, Olivier; Xuereb, Benoît; Margoum, C.; Garric, Jeanne

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.09.048

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is difficult to explain this pooling of groups with such different kinds of exposure. The level of ChE activity obtained in our study for C, CL and RL groups was similar to those reported in the literature for several molluscs including gastropods (Gagnaire et al, 2008). Therefore, it can be classified as a normal level and the level of ChE activity in the groups R, T and TR can be classified as an elevated one.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Besides pesticides, irradiation is also known to produce significant ChE depression, for example in the blood of rats, on the tenth day at a dosage level of 75 r (Williams et al, 1961). However, contradictory results are reported for molluscs, particularly in field studies, in which fluctuations in dissolved oxygen or temperature, or any combined effects, can modulate the typical response (Gagnaire et al, 2008). In the study of Corsi et al (2007), invasive species of Anadonta, Anodonta woodiana, well adapted to new surroundings, showed significantly greater ChE activity than the endemic species (Anodonta sp.).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Therefore, it can be classified as a normal level and the level of ChE activity in the groups R, T and TR can be classified as an elevated one. ChE inhibition is widely used as a specific and sensitive biomarker of neurotoxicity in different animals, mainly vertebrate, but including molluscs and certainly snails (Gagnaire et al, 2008). This inhibition is particularly caused in non-target organisms by insecticide contamination, as its inhibition occurred at low concentration without mortality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known to inhabit most polluted biotopes and accumulate pollution from the water and sediments (Golubev, 1995;Golubev et al, 2005;Croteau et al, 2007). However, its molecular stress-related responses to inappropriate effects are little studied (Russo et al, 2007;Gagnaire et al, 2008). A key goal of this study was to distinguish stress-related molecular responses of L. stagnalis from the ChNPS area in comparison with the responses to other harmful effects; the continuous effect of elevated temperature in the native field surroundings, and short-term effects of irradiation and heating in laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metallothionein and glutathione inLymnaea stagnalisdetermine the specificity of responses to the effects of ionising radiation

et al. 2012

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The aim of our study was to distinguish the stress-related molecular response of the pulmonate mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis from the Chernobyl area in comparison with the consequences of other harmful effects, including the short-term effects of radiation and heating. Specimens inhabiting ponds near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the cooling channel of the electric power station and the soilreclamation channel (groups R, T and C, correspondingly), and specimens adapted to laboratory conditions (a control group (CL), a disposable group exposed to 2 mGy X-ray radiation over the body (RL), and a group exposed to 25°C for 4 days (TL)) were compared. Despite high variability of responses, Principle Component Analysis distinctly separated the laboratory and feral groups into two sets. In the feral groups, low levels of the stress-related and metal-binding protein metallothionein (MT), protein carbonyls and lactate dehydrogenase in the digestive gland were indicated. The main separating criteria selected by classification and regression tree analysis were the protein carbonyls, cholinesterase and MT. Molluscs from group R were clearly distinguished by the lowest levels of MT, Mn-superoxide dismutase and lactate dehydrogenase, and the highest level of glutathione, demonstrating that the oppression of the gene-determined stress-related response and its partially metabolic compensation can be possible markers for chronic environmental effects of irradiation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metallothionein and glutathione inLymnaea stagnalisdetermine the specificity of responses to the effects of ionising radiation

et al. 2012

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“…These properties have been used to biochemically characterize the ChE present in different tissues and whole body homogenates (e.g. Varó et al 2002;Caselli et al 2006;Kristoff et al 2006;Nunes et al 2006;Xuereb et al 2007;Rault et al 2007;Hannam et al 2008;Gagnaire et al 2008). ChE characterization is important since distinct ChE may have different sensitivities for anti-cholinesterase agents and thus this may introduce biases when assessing the effects of anti-cholinesterase agents in ecotoxicological studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical characterization of cholinesterases in Enchytraeus albidus and assessment of in vivo and in vitro effects of different soil properties, copper and phenmedipham

et al. 2010

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Enchytraeus albidus are important organisms of the soil biocenosis, used as standard test species in environmental risk assessment. The inhibition of cholinesterases (ChE) activity of several species has been widely used to assess the exposure and effects of anti-cholinesterase environmental contaminants. Several studies have shown the association between ChE activity inhibition and adverse effects on behaviour and survival. Extensive studies addressing survival and behavioural endpoints, as well as other biomarkers, have been done in E. albidus with different types of soil contaminants. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to characterize biochemically the ChE present in the soluble post-mitochondrial fraction of E. albidus whole body homogenates, using different substrates and selective inhibitors; (2) to assess the in vivo effects of copper, phenmedipham and different soil properties (pH, organic matter, clay) on the ChE activity; (3) to assess the in vitro effects of copper and phenmedipham on the ChE activity. The results suggest the presence of one ChE in the soluble post-mitochondrial fraction of E. albidus whole body homogenates, which displays properties of both acetylcholinesterase and pseudocholinesterase considering the typical mammalian enzymes. It is also shown that ChE activity is not inhibited by exposure to different soil properties and that copper and phenmedipham inhibited ChE activity both in in vivo and in in vitro conditions and therefore ChE inhibition seems to be a robust biomarker for this herbicide and this heavy metal. This study showed that ChE activity in E. albidus might be correlated to previously determined higher level effects like survival and reproduction, as well as avoidance behaviour.

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Tissue-Specific Recovery of Oxidative and Antioxidant Effects of Chlorpyrifos in the Freshwater Crab, Barytelphusa guerini

Narra

2014

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Chlorpyrifos (CPF), an organophosphate widely applied in agriculture and aquaculture, induces oxidative stress due to free-radical generation and changes in the antioxidant defense system. The present study investigated the short-term effect of CPF exposure on the oxidative and antioxidant systems and their recovery responses in metabolically active tissues (gills, hepatopancreas [HP], and leg muscle) of freshwater crab Barytelphusa guerini. Crabs were exposed to a sublethal concentration of CPF (0.07 mg L(-1)) for a total of 8 days (at intervals of 1, 2, 4, and 8 days) in clean water. The following oxidative stress markers were measured: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butylcholinesterase (BChE), and ATPase; antioxidants i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione reductase (GR), lipid peroxidation (LPO), conjugating enzyme glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lipid content. CPF exposure led to a significant decrease in the activity of oxidative stress markers as follows: AChE (84 %), BChE (46 %), and gills Na(+)/K(+) ATPase (62 %). At the end of the recovery period, enzyme levels were recovered except in leg muscle. Total lipids and SOD decreased; CAT and LPO levels increased; and GPx, GR, and GST showed tissue-specific activities. Maximum recovery was observed in GPx followed by GR in HP tissue of crab. Nevertheless, these responses apparently grant successful adaptation for survival in a pesticide-extreme environment.

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Cholinesterase activities as potential biomarkers: Characterization in two freshwater snails, Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Mollusca, Hydrobiidae, Smith 1889) and Valvata piscinalis (Mollusca, Valvatidae, Müller 1774)

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Metallothionein and glutathione inLymnaea stagnalisdetermine the specificity of responses to the effects of ionising radiation

Metallothionein and glutathione inLymnaea stagnalisdetermine the specificity of responses to the effects of ionising radiation

Biochemical characterization of cholinesterases in Enchytraeus albidus and assessment of in vivo and in vitro effects of different soil properties, copper and phenmedipham

Tissue-Specific Recovery of Oxidative and Antioxidant Effects of Chlorpyrifos in the Freshwater Crab, Barytelphusa guerini

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