Cholinesterase and other serum liver enzymes in underweight outpatients with eating disorders

Montagnese, Concetta; Scalfi, Luca; Signorini, Ada; Filippo, E. De; Pasanisi, Fabrizio; Contaldo, Franco

doi:10.1002/eat.20432

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These alterations have been already reported in literature [3,61] and represent both a clinical adaptation and a marker of the effects of starvation and malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Microbiota in anorexia nervosa: The triangle between bacterial species, metabolites and psychological tests

Borgo

Riva

Benetti³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

205

248

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disease with devastating physical consequences, with a pathophysiological mechanism still to be elucidated. Metagenomic studies on anorexia nervosa have revealed profound gut microbiome perturbations as a possible environmental factor involved in the disease. In this study we performed a comprehensive analysis integrating data on gut microbiota with clinical, anthropometric and psychological traits to gain new insight in the pathophysiology of AN. Fifteen AN women were compared with fifteen age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls. AN diet was characterized by a significant lower energy intake, but macronutrient analysis highlighted a restriction only in fats and carbohydrates consumption. Next generation sequencing showed that AN intestinal microbiota was significantly affected at every taxonomic level, showing a significant increase of Enterobacteriaceae, and of the archeon Methanobrevibacter smithii compared with healthy controls. On the contrary, the genera Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Clostridium, were depleted, in line with the observed reduction in AN of total short chain fatty acids, butyrate, and propionate. Butyrate concentrations inversely correlated with anxiety levels, whereas propionate directly correlated with insulin levels and with the relative abundance of Roseburia inulinivorans, a known propionate producer. BMI represented the best predictive value for gut dysbiosis and metabolic alterations, showing a negative correlation with Bacteroides uniformis (microbiota), with alanine aminotransferase (liver function), and with psychopathological scores (obsession-compulsion, anxiety, and depression), and a positive correlation with white blood cells count. In conclusion, our findings corroborate the hypothesis that the gut dysbiosis could take part in the AN neurobiology, in particular in sustaining the persistence of alterations that eventually result in relapses after renourishment and psychological therapy, but causality still needs to be proven.

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“…These alterations have been already reported in literature [3,61] and represent both a clinical adaptation and a marker of the effects of starvation and malnutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Microbiota in anorexia nervosa: The triangle between bacterial species, metabolites and psychological tests

Borgo

Riva

Benetti³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

205

248

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“…Reduced plasma cholinesterase activity was reported in diseases associated with injury of the hepatic parenchyma [37, 38] such as liver fibrosis, hepatitis and cirrhosis [39]. Individuals with confirmed liver cirrhosis present a 5-fold lower level of BChE than healthy controls [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been found that the fall of enzyme activity is more pronounced in liver cirrhosis patients than in hepatitis patients [38]. Moreover, cholinesterases have been considered as a useful marker of the effect of primary malnutrition on hepatic function [39]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased activity of butyrylcholinesterase in blood plasma of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Sicińska

Bukowska

Pająk

et al. 2017

aoms

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IntroductionButyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is involved in the metabolism of endogenous lipids and xenobiotics, such as esters of carboxylic or phosphoric acids. Butyrylcholinesterase activity is associated with both inflammation and oxidative stress. Changes in the activity of this enzyme have been observed in various diseases such as liver cirrhosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and others.Material and methodsThe study involved 30 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 18 healthy subjects. The COPD patients were divided according to the severity of the disease by applying the classification of COPD based on GOLD standards for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and the FEV1/forced expiratory volume (FVC) ratio. The control group comprised blood samples collected from healthy subjects without concomitant diseases related to the respiratory system. Butyrylcholinesterase activity, lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were determined in the blood plasma.ResultsA significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the activity of BChE, associated with an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the total antioxidant capacity, was observed in blood plasma of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.ConclusionsThe study shows for the first time that activity of BChE in the blood plasma of patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is considerably reduced compared with healthy subjects. These changes were accompanied by a decrease of TAC and an increase of lipid peroxidation, which suggests that they may be related to the oxidative stress induced by COPD disease.

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“…In the literature, certain eating disorders can cause transaminitis, including anorexia, bulimia and eating disorder not otherwise specified [29][30][31]. However, a large study of patients with eating disorders determined that hepatic dysfunction was not common among eating disorders and liver damage could often be attributed to low weight [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Components of Metabolic Syndrome with Depression and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Weight Reduction Surgery~!2009-09-21~!2009-12-23~!2010-08-27~!

Kallman¹,

Wheeler²,

Alathari³

et al. 2010

TOOBESJ

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Abstract:Background: Obesity can be associated with psychiatric disorders such as depression. Aim: To determine the prevalence and association of psychiatric disorders in patients with excess body weight. Methods: Patients scheduled for weight reduction surgery were included. For each patient, pre-surgical clinical and psychiatric data were collected. Follow-up data were available 1-year after surgery. Patients with psychiatric disorders were compared to those without psychiatric disorders. Mann-Whitney non-parametric test was used for comparison of numerical parameters, while prevalence of certain clinical and demographic events were validated using chi-square homogeneity test. Results: 499 patients were included: age: 42.8 ±11.0 years, 20% male, 76% Caucasians, BMI 46.8 ± 10.8, ALT 32.5 ± 21.7 and AST 25.0 ± 14.3. At baseline, a history of psychiatric disorder was documented in 214 (43%) patients (depression in 35% of patients, anxiety in 6% and other psychiatric diagnosis in 2.2%). Patients with a history of depression were older (p=0.0021), more likely to report a history of drinking alcohol either at baseline (p=0.0434) or 1-year after surgery (p= 0.0302), and more likely to be female (p=0.0079) and Caucasian (p=0.0096) than patients without psychiatric history. The depression cohort of this study also had significantly higher triglyceride levels (p= 0.0492) than any other psychiatric diagnosis cohort, and the highest rates of hyperlipidemia (p = 0.012) and hypertension diagnoses (p = 0.0074) out of all cohorts, including the cohort of subjects never diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder. Conclusions: Patients undergoing weight reduction surgery seem to have high prevalence of depression and anxiety. Patients previously diagnosed with depression also appear to have a significantly higher rate of hypertension and hyperlipidemia than patients who were never diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.

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Cholinesterase and other serum liver enzymes in underweight outpatients with eating disorders

Abstract: Abnormalities in serum liver enzymes are common in outpatients with eating disorders plus underweight. CHE might be considered as a marker of the effects of primary malnutrition on liver function.

Cited by 37 publications

References 29 publications

Microbiota in anorexia nervosa: The triangle between bacterial species, metabolites and psychological tests

Microbiota in anorexia nervosa: The triangle between bacterial species, metabolites and psychological tests

Decreased activity of butyrylcholinesterase in blood plasma of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Association of Components of Metabolic Syndrome with Depression and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Weight Reduction Surgery~!2009-09-21~!2009-12-23~!2010-08-27~!

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