Currently, Azerbaijan is implementing large-scale projects to restore infrastructure in the territories recently liberated from occupation. This includes, in particular, the construction of new modern power plants and electrical networks of modern design and high power. This, in turn, requires the use of reliable and effective methods of safety and protection of these systems from any failures or damage. In this regard, this article considers a wide range of issues on the use of modern technologies and developments for the protection of power systems, as well as analyzes the optimal concepts of management and protection of power grids, which are most suitable in the local conditions of the regions, as well as on the scale of the energy system of the whole country.