Choroidal Thickness In and Outside of Vascular Arcade in Healthy Eyes Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Park, Jae Yong; Kim, Bum Gi; Hwang, Je Hyung; Kim, Jae Suk

doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22581

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…e mean ChT measured in our study was between the thickest temporal and the thinnest nasal values in consensus with previously published studies [15]. However, according to Ikuno et al [22] and Park et al [31], the central point showed the thickest ChT in the adult population. Furthermore, ChT exhibited significant variation across the posterior pole in healthy children, with it being thicker in the central regions [25].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Multiple studies reported a ChT of 251-341 μm in children with a mean SER of ±0.05 D, and 309.57-354 μm in healthy adults of different races [22,25,26,[29][30][31]. However, the ChT of myopic children aged 10-15 years was reported to be 303 μm [16,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown that increasing age was associated with decreased ChT in the adult population. is relationship was quantified as a decrease in subfoveal ChT by 1.4-2.67 μm per year of life [22,[31][32][33]. However, ChT has been confirmed to increase significantly from early childhood to adolescence in emmetropes [23,25,26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Myopia: An OCT-Based Study in Young Chinese Patients

Xiong

Tang

Mao

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Myopia is a common cause of visual impairment worldwide. Choroidal thickness (ChT) reflects the characteristic changes in myopic children and may be used as an important index of myopia. The purpose of this study was to investigate ChT and its distribution across the posterior pole in young myopic Chinese patients using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) and to explore the factors associated with it. A total of 402 myopic Chinese patients aged 6–16 years who underwent complete ophthalmic examinations, including those for axial length, cycloplegic refraction, and intraocular pressure, were examined with EDI-OCT. The mean subfoveal ChT was 303.08 ± 76.87 μm and displayed large variations at different positions (p<0.05). The thickest sector was located 3 mm temporally from the fovea. Multivariate regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation of the subfoveal ChT values with axial length (AL), whereas the ChT was moderately influenced by the patient’s sex. AL accounted for 7.9% of the ChT variance, whereas sex explained 9.6% of the ChT variance. In the population aged 11 years and older, AL accounted for 13.1% of the ChT variance. However, in those younger than 11 years, age was the only significant explanatory factor accounting for 5.2% of the ChT variance. In conclusion, we found a significant decrease in ChT with age in myopic children younger than 11 years. The negative association between age and ChT in children aged 11 years and older may be offset by the choroidal thickening mediated by pubertal growth spurts. The positive correlation between ChT and spherical equivalent in myopic adolescents aged 11 years and older suggests that the protective effect of lens thinning against rapid axial elongation disappears with age. Axial elongation becomes the dominant determinant of ChT in this age group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Myopia: An OCT-Based Study in Young Chinese Patients

Xiong

Tang

Mao

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…In this series of healthy subjects ages 25 to 55 years with ALs in the normal range, we found a mean subfoveal CT of 340 ± 99 µm, which is within the limits of recent publications that used SS-OCT and found that the subfoveal CT varied from 229 to 379 µm. 13 , 20 , 26 , 27 , 38 , 39 , 47 – 51 The significant variation in subfoveal CT values could be explained by differences in patient demographics (mainly the age range 13 , 14 , 16 , 45 and the refractive error or AL 5 , 45 , 52 ) and the way in which CT was measured (subfoveal or within the central 1-mm diameter, swept-source or EDI SD-OCT). In our series, the subfoveal CT was >395 µm in 30% of cases, a significant proportion which has not been highlighted before.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topographic Variations of Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Eyes on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Touhami

Philippakis

Mrejen

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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To assess topographic variations of choroidal thickness (CT) in the fovea and beyond in healthy eyes. METHODS. This cross-sectional study included healthy subjects ≤ 55 years of age with axial lengths (22-26 mm) and refractive error margins (-4D, +4D) in normal ranges. Images were acquired using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Corneal thickness (CT) maps from 12 × 12-mm radial scans and 9 × 9-mm OCT-A B-scans were analyzed. RESULTS. The study included 64 eyes of 33 subjects (mean age, 37 years). Mean CT was >300 μm in all locations except the nasal outer macula. The subfoveal CT was >395 μm in 30% of cases; in 38.7% of cases, >50% of the CT map was thicker than 395 μm. The mean thickest choroidal point was 395.2 μm (range, 164-548 μm), located superior and temporal to the macula in 72.2% of cases and subfoveally in 1.8% of cases. The CT pattern was symmetrical (58%) or asymmetrical (42%) along a horizontal axis correlating with choroidal vein distribution. Half of the asymmetrical patterns were thicker in the inferior quadrants, with an oblique temporal watershed of venous drainage, and the other half were thicker superiorly. The mean vascularity index was ∼75% regardless of the mean CT. CONCLUSIONS. One-third of healthy eyes of patients younger than age 55 had a thick choroid (>395 μm). In these normal eyes, the thickest choroidal point was not subfoveal, CT symmetry above and below the fovea depended on choroidal vein distribution, and choroidal vascularity index was independent from CT. No patients demonstrated fundus autofluorescence abnormalities, and the choriocapillaris remained visible even in thick choroids. These features could be interesting when differentiating normal versus pathological states.

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“…The thickness of the choroid varies regionally across the macular and peripheral regions . Further, structural changes in the choroid across a wide field may contribute to the pathophysiology of a range of ocular conditions including myopia, age‐related macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy and glaucoma .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of image averaging on wide‐field choroidal thickness measurements using enhanced‐depth imaging optical coherence tomography

Hoseini-Yazdi

Vincent

Collins

et al. 2019

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Background: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of B-scan averaging on choroidal thickness using wide-field enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography. Methods: Six high-resolution trans-foveal horizontal enhanced-depth imaging line scans (spanning a 60 field) were acquired consecutively from the right eye of 10 healthy adults (mean age 30 AE 5 years), with each line scan an average of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 100 B-scans, using the automated real-time image averaging and follow-up features of a Spectralis device. The impact of B-scan averaging on regional measures of wide-field choroidal thickness (across macular and peripheral regions) and their accuracy was investigated, assuming that averaging 100 B-scans would provide the most accurate estimate of choroidal thickness. Results: Regional estimates of wide-field choroidal thickness did not vary across the different B-scan averaging conditions (all p > 0.05). The mean choroidal thickness averaged across the full wide-field area exhibited the closest agreement to measures obtained with 100 averaged B-scans, when frame averaging exceeded 30 B-scans (95 per cent limits of agreement +10 to −7, +7 to −7 and +6 to −3 μm for 30, 40 and 50 averaged B-scans, respectively), compared to 10 and 20 averaged B-scans (95 per cent limits of agreement +13 to −8 and +13 to −6 μm, respectively; p < 0.01 and p < 0.02 compared to the accuracy of 50 averaged B-scans). Conclusion: Averaging 30 B-scans for an individual enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography line scan provided accurate measures of choroidal thickness across a wide-field (60 ) area in young healthy eyes. This information can assist in designing the volumetric scan protocols required for detailed examination of the macular and peripheral choroid.

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Choroidal Thickness In and Outside of Vascular Arcade in Healthy Eyes Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Myopia: An OCT-Based Study in Young Chinese Patients

Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness in Myopia: An OCT-Based Study in Young Chinese Patients

Topographic Variations of Choroidal Thickness in Healthy Eyes on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Impact of image averaging on wide‐field choroidal thickness measurements using enhanced‐depth imaging optical coherence tomography

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