Chromatographic, Microscopic, and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Wooden Architectural Painting from the Summer Palace, Beijing, China

Ma, Zhijun; Wang, Liqin; Yan, Jing; Zhou, Wenhui; Pitthard, Václav; Bayerová, Tatjana; Krist, Gabriela

doi:10.1080/00032719.2018.1561707

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The grinding and polishing of the cross-sections were done as described in Jaques and Zikmundová (unpublished). Before the sample was reached, the polishing mode was changed from wet to dry 47 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cross-section preparation is common for the morphological and chemical analysis of micro-samples from paintings [42][43][44][45][46][47] . The information gained from a painting cross-section can be about the painting technique, the layering, the pigments, the grains distribution, the porosity and cracks, the colour, and the binders [47][48][49] , which is important for conservation, the appropriate restoration and the art comprehension 13,[50][51][52][53][54] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Conductive cross-section preparation of non-conductive painting micro-samples for SEM analysis

Jaques

Zikmundová

Holas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a common method for the analysis of painting micro-samples. The high resolution of this technique offers precise surface analysis and can be coupled with an energy-dispersive spectrometer for the acquisition of the elemental composition. For light microscopy and SEM analysis, the painting micro-samples are commonly prepared as cross-sections, where the micro-sample positioned on the side is embedded in a resin. Therefore, the sequence of its layers is exposed after the cross-section is polished. In common cases outside of cultural heritage, a conductive layer is applied on the polished side, but in this field, the measurements are mostly done in low-vacuum SEM (LV-SEM). Although the charging effect is reduced in LV-SEM, it can still occur, and can hardly be prevented even with carbon tape or paint. This work presents two conductive cross-section preparation methods for non-conductive samples, which reduce charging effects without impairing the sample integrity.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductive cross-section preparation of non-conductive painting micro-samples for SEM analysis

Jaques

Zikmundová

Holas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These samples were subjected to Raman analysis in an attempt to more successfully elucidate the material information. The Raman spectrum of the yellow sample (Figure 5b) has distinctive peaks at 359, 376, and 839cm -1 , which correspond to the characteristic peaks of crocoite (PbCrO4) [9,10]. The Raman spectrum of the blue samples contains a number of peaks at 260, 548, 808, 1096, and 1644cm -1 (Figure 5d), which are essentially characteristic of ultramarine [11].…”

Section: Mineral Composition Of the Pigmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Painted Materials and the Latest Repaint Time of Arhat Statues in Zijin Nunnery, China

Cui¹,

Shui²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

JISSR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The arhat statues of Zijin Nunnery in Suzhou are painted clay statues considered to be ancient Chinese treasures, but there has been little investigation into the materials used in their manufacture along with a general lack of systematic and scientific knowledge regarding these statues. We attempted to address this deficiency in our study described here, where the materials comprising the pigment layer of the colored statues were characterized using a variety of techniques, including X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, micro infrared spectroscopy, and micro Raman spectroscopy. A range of contemporary synthetic pigments, such as chrome yellow, emerald green, and artificial ultramarine, was discovered to be available in addition to conventional inorganic pigments such as cinnabar, minium, and azurite. Analysis of the massive statue in the main hall showed that shellac is used as a surface sealing compound on the painted clay statue and beeswax as a bonding medium for the pigment layer. Following an extensive investigation into the synthetic pigments, it was determined that the painted statues of Zijin Nunnery were painted during the most recent era of the late Qing Dynasty.

show abstract

“…Cross-section preparations vary depending on the required analyses 4 . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 2 , 5 – 13 , Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) 8 , 9 , 14 , Raman spectroscopy (RS) 9 , 15 , 16 and optical microscopy (OM) 1 , 4 , 17 are the most common techniques used in the field. While a combination of analysis offers more insightful investigation 4 , 18 – 22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclododecane shaping, sublimation rate and residue analysis for the extraction of painting micro-samples from resin cross-sections

Jaques

Zikmundová

Holas

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cross-section preparation of painting micro-samples is part of their routine analysis. This type of preparation can be used for several analytical techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and optical microscopy. These techniques offer high-resolution imaging and/or elemental information, providing access to technical and material data important for the interpretation, preservation, and restoration of painted artworks. However, it also means that the material from the sample embedded in the resin becomes unreachable for further analysis, except for the polished surface of the cross-section. Degradation of the embedding medium can also occur over time, which can lead to misinterpretation, loss of information, or even complete destruction of the embedded sample. In the field of cultural heritage, cyclododecane (CDD) is commonly used for the consolidation and protection of objects, and is used in the preparation of cross-sections to prevent contamination of the sample by the embedding medium. This study enhanced the existing preparation process by shaping the CDD layer to enable extraction of the micro-sample from the resin if needed, without compromising the integrity of the sample. Moreover, the purity, the sublimation rate in a normal environment and a vacuum, and the impact of CDD on three different types of samples (historical painting on a canvas, wall painting fragment, model sample) were examined.

show abstract

Chromatographic, Microscopic, and Spectroscopic Characterization of a Wooden Architectural Painting from the Summer Palace, Beijing, China

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Conductive cross-section preparation of non-conductive painting micro-samples for SEM analysis

Conductive cross-section preparation of non-conductive painting micro-samples for SEM analysis

Analysis of Painted Materials and the Latest Repaint Time of Arhat Statues in Zijin Nunnery, China

Cyclododecane shaping, sublimation rate and residue analysis for the extraction of painting micro-samples from resin cross-sections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About