Chromatophore Activity during Natural Pattern Expression by the Squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana: Contributions of Miniature Oscillation

Suzuki, Mayu; Kimura, Tetsuya; Ogawa, Hiroto; Hotta, Kohji; Oka, Kotaro

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0018244

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Rapid oscillatory cycles of partial expansion/retraction in individual chromatophores (and small groups) have been described in the loliginid, Sepiotuethis lessoniana (Suzuki et al, 2011). These 'miniature oscillations' of 2-7 Hz are prominent in the feature areas of patterns, but they also occur in background areas of minimal chromatophore activity.…”

Section: Chromogenic Behaviors and Control Pathways In Dosidicus Gigamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromogenic behaviors of the Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) studied in situ with an animal-borne video package

Rosen

Gilly

Bell

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Dosidicus gigas (Humboldt or jumbo flying squid) is an economically and ecologically influential species, yet little is known about its natural behaviors because of difficulties in studying this active predator in its oceanic environment. By using an animal-borne video package, National Geographic's Crittercam, we were able to observe natural behaviors in free-swimming D. gigas in the Gulf of California with a focus on color-generating (chromogenic) behaviors. We documented two dynamic displays without artificial lighting at depths of up to 70 m. One dynamic pattern, termed 'flashing' is characterized by a global oscillation (2-4 Hz) of body color between white and red. Flashing was almost always observed when other squid were visible in the video frame, and this behavior presumably represents intraspecific signaling. Amplitude and frequency of flashing can be modulated, and the phase relationship with another squid can also be rapidly altered. Another dynamic display termed 'flickering' was observed whenever flashing was not occurring. This behavior is characterized by irregular wave-like activity in neighboring patches of chromatophores, and the resulting patterns mimic reflections of down-welled light in the water column, suggesting that this behavior may provide a dynamic type of camouflage. Rapid and global pauses in flickering, often before a flashing episode, indicate that flickering is under inhibitory neural control. Although flashing and flickering have not been described in other squid, functional similarities are evident with other species.

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Section: Chromogenic Behaviors and Control Pathways In Dosidicus Gigamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromogenic behaviors of the Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) studied in situ with an animal-borne video package

Rosen

Gilly

Bell

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…It is the expansion of the network of pigmented sacculi, relative to the unpigmented surrounding tissue, which generates the optical effect, as illustrated in figure 3. The relative areal expansion of a pigmented region can be seen most clearly in figure 4 (adapted from Suzuki et al (2011)), which shows the skin of a squid in the two states of minimal (figure 4(a)) and maximal (figure 4(b)) chromatophore activation. The black chromatophore sacculi in the unactivated cells in figure 4(a) represent 10.9% of the surface area.…”

Section: Cephalopod Chromatophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequency of activation of cephalopod chromatophores has been measured above 4 Hz (Suzuki et al 2011). This relatively high frequency comes about through the tight interaction of neuro-signals and a relatively large number of rapidly-acting muscle cells.…”

Section: Cephalopod Chromatophoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic chromatophores for camouflage and soft active surfaces

Rossiter¹,

Yap²,

Conn³

2012

Bioinspir. Biomim.

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Chromatophores are the pigment-containing cells in the skins of animals such as fish and cephalopods which have chromomorphic (colour-changing) and controllable goniochromic (iridescent-changing) properties. These animals control the optical properties of their skins for camouflage and, it is speculated, for communication. The ability to replicate these properties in soft artificial skin structures opens up new possibilities for active camouflage, thermal regulation and active photovoltaics. This paper presents the design and implementation of soft and compliant artificial chromatophores based on the cutaneous chromatophores in fish and cephalopods. We demonstrate artificial chromatophores that are actuated by electroactive polymer artificial muscles, mimicking the radially orientated muscles found in natural chromatophores. It is shown how bio-inspired chromomorphism may be achieved using both areal expansion of dielectric elastomer structures and by the hydrostatic translocation of pigmented fluid into an artificial dermal melanophore.

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“…It has been well‐documented that the various visual behaviors of cephalopods are affected by the early visual experiences during their embryonic and larval stages (Darmaillacq, Chichery, Shashar, & Dickel, ; Dickel, Boal, & Budelmann, ; Guibe & Dickel, ; Lee, Yan, & Chiao, ; Lee, Yan, & Chiao, ; Poirier, Chichery, & Dickel, ; Romagny, Darmaillacq, Guibe, Bellanger, & Dickel, ). In addition, the complexity and diversity of body pattering, which is used for visual communication, increases continuously from the juvenile stage to adulthood in cephalopods (Byrne, Griebel, Wood, & Mather, ; Jantzen & Havenhand, ; Moynihan & Rodaniche, ; Suzuki, Kimura, Ogawa, Hotta, & Oka, ; Yang et al, ). These behavioral changes and the associated plasticity throughout development are highly dependent on neural reorganization within the optic lobes (Liu, Liu, Su, & Chiao, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the complexity and diversity of body pattering, which is used for visual communication, increases continuously from the juvenile stage to adulthood in cephalopods (Byrne, Griebel, Wood, & Mather, 2003;Jantzen & Havenhand, 2003;Moynihan & Rodaniche, 1982;Suzuki, Kimura, Ogawa, Hotta, & Oka, 2011;Yang et al, 1986).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological changes of the optic lobe from late embryonic to adult stages in oval squids Sepioteuthis lessoniana

Liu

Chung

et al. 2017

Journal of Morphology

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The optic lobe is the largest brain area within the central nervous system of cephalopods and it plays important roles in the processing of visual information, the regulation of body patterning, and locomotive behavior. The oval squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana has relatively large optic lobes that are responsible for visual communication via dynamic body patterning. It has been observed that the visual behaviors of oval squids change as the animals mature, yet little is known about how the structure of the optic lobes changes during development. The aim of the present study was to characterize the ontogenetic changes in neural organization of the optic lobes of S. lessoniana from late embryonic stage to adulthood. Magnetic resonance imaging and micro-CT scans were acquired to reconstruct the 3D-structure of the optic lobes and examine the external morphology at different developmental stages. In addition, optic lobe slices with nuclear staining were used to reveal changes in the internal morphology throughout development. As oval squids mature, the proportion of the brain making up the optic lobes increases continuously, and the optic lobes appear to have a prominent dent on the ventrolateral side. Inside the optic lobe, the cortex and the medulla expand steadily from the late embryonic stage to adulthood, but the cell islands in the tangential zone of the optic lobe decrease continuously in parallel. Interestingly, the size of the nuclei of cells within the medulla of the optic lobe increases throughout development. These findings suggest that the optic lobe undergoes continuous external morphological change and internal neural reorganization throughout the oval squid's development. These morphological changes in the optic lobe are likely to be responsible for changes in the visuomotor behavior of oval squids from hatching to adulthood. K E Y W O R D Scell islands, cephalopods, neural connections, ontogenetic development, visuomotor control

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Chromatophore Activity during Natural Pattern Expression by the Squid Sepioteuthis lessoniana: Contributions of Miniature Oscillation

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Chromogenic behaviors of the Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) studied in situ with an animal-borne video package

Chromogenic behaviors of the Humboldt squid (Dosidicus gigas) studied in situ with an animal-borne video package

Biomimetic chromatophores for camouflage and soft active surfaces

Morphological changes of the optic lobe from late embryonic to adult stages in oval squids Sepioteuthis lessoniana

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