Chromium electroplating from trivalent chromium baths as an environmentally friendly alternative to hazardous hexavalent chromium baths: comparative study on advantages and disadvantages

Investigation of the properties of Cr coatings deposited in an improved Cr(III) electrolyte

“…Chromium coatings were electrodeposited on a mild steel (Fe-0.36 Mn, in wt.%) substrate from the electrolytes listed below in the Table. These chromium electrolytes based on the SO 2-4 oxalate electrolyte were chosen because, while in use, Cl 2 gas is not released at the anode [11].…”

Optimization of process parameters of chrome plating for providing quality indicators of reciprocating pumps parts

“…У дослідженнях [5] провели аналіз різних складів електролітів на основі три-і шестивалентних іонів хрому з точки зору токсичності та запропонували використовувати електроліт на основі тривалентного хрому, але зазначають, що недоліком такого електроліту є низька теплопровідність у порівнянні зі стандартним.…”

‘Green’ Cr(iii)–glycine electrolyte for the production of FeCrNi coatings: electrodeposition mechanisms and role of by-products in terms of coating composition and microstructure

“…Step (2) has been accepted to be the limiting reaction in the Cr(III) to Cr(0) reduction process. 3 The Cr(III) ion forms chromium-aqua complexes, such as [Cr(H 2 O) 6 ] 3+ , which are characterised by low kinetic activity due to the close-ordered hexawater structure that prevents the central Cr 3+ ion to exchange electrons with the cathode surface.…”