Chromobacterium violaceum infection: A clinical review of an important but neglected infection

Abstract

A high index of suspicion for Chromobacterium violaceum infection is required along with prompt diagnosis, optimal antimicrobial therapy, and adequate therapeutic duration for a successful therapy.

Sequential Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and Chromobacterium violaceum skin abscess in a pediatric patient

“…It appears possible that the depressed cell-mediated immunity during the acute Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection predisposed our patient to the development of Chrombobacterium violaceum infection which manifested as skin abscess. The interval of 3 days between the resolution of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection symptoms and the onset of the Chromobacterium violaceum infection symptoms in our patient is compatible with the median incubation period reported for Chromobacterium violaceum (3 days median, range 1 to 90 days) [14]. It is also concordant with the sequential manifestation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and Chromobacterium violaceum skin abscess in our patient.…”

“…Fifty percent of the infected patients have localized abscess [14]. Due to the prompt diagnosis of the infection, the adequate surgical drainage and the use of the appropriate antibiotics, our patient survived to the infection, and progression to bacteremia and disseminated infection was haulted despite our patient's young age.…”

“…Nevertheless, an increasing number of Chromobacterium violaceum infection cases have been reported in recent decades worldwide [14]. The clinical course is characterized by acute febrile illness, rapidly progressing to lifethreatening fulminant sepsis and multi-organ failure requiring critical care, and characterized by a high mortality rate (50% to 80% in days to weeks after the infection) if left untreated.…”

“…Other risk factors include patient's young age and immunodeficiency status [10,13]. Relapse or recurrent infection have been reported at 6.6% [14,15].…”

Antibacterial and quorum sensing regulatory activities of some traditional Eastern-European medicinal plants

“…The antibacterial activity of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recently revealed (24), and according to the data presented, this medicinal plant, traditionally used as an antimicrobial for urinary tract complaints including cystitis and urolithiasis, can be recommended as an antibacterial agent against both C. violaceum and P. aeruginosa, which cause severe and often fatal infections in humans and animals (25).…”