Chromosomal duplication in Giardia duodenalis

Upcroft, Jacqueline; Healey, Andrew; Upcroft, Peter

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(93)90167-w

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…After drug selection, hybridization was also detected to the 1.1-Mb chromosome in the resistant line, WBIB-M3 (Chen et al 1996a). Chromosome mapping probes (Chen et al 1994(Chen et al , 1995Upcroft et al 1996) showed that the 1.1-Mb chromosome was derived from chromosomes 3/4, by partial duplication (Upcroft et al 1993;Chen et al 1994Chen et al , 1995Chen et al , 1996a. This minor variant was selected during the drugresistance pressure.…”

Section: Upcrof1-et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The areas of the gel corresponding to the size of the required DNA segments were excised and the DNA purified . The DNA segments were then cloned into Bluescript (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA) using T4 DNA ligase (Upcroft et al 1993). Transformation was carried out according to the procedure of Hanahan (1983) using Escherichia coli DH5~ (Gibco-BRL, Gaithersburg, MD) as a host.…”

Section: Construction and Screening Of Size-specific Genomic Dna Librmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…duodenalis BRIS/83/HEPU/106 is our standard laboratory strain (Upcroft et al 1993. For the origin of OAS1,…”

Section: G Duodenalis Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chromosome copy number and size vary dramatically among isolates (Upcroft et al , 1993 and allow a more dynamic flux of genetic information. However, there is sufficient genetic order for each genotype to be viable and to maintain distinct chromosomes plus partial duplications (Upcroft et al 1993Chen eta]. 1994;Le Blancq 1994).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gene gain and loss in Giardia is concomitant with chromosomal rearrangement (Upcroft et al 1993Chen et al 1994). For example, the rRNA gene repeat unit has been sequenced ) and the copy number can vary from a few tandem repeats to over 100 copies arrayed on single or multiple chromosomes Adam 1992) and on partially duplicated chromosomes (Chen et al 1994;Le Blancq 1994;Upcroft et al 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Telomeric organization of a variable and inducible toxin gene family in the ancient eukaryote Giardia duodenalis.

Upcroft¹,

Chen²,

Upcroft³

1997

Genome Res.

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Giardia duodenalis is the best-characterized example of the most ancient eukaryotes, which are primitively amitochondrial and anaerobic. The surface of Giardia is coated with cysteine-rich proteins. One family of these proteins, CRP136, varies among isolates and upon environmental stress. A repeat region within the CRP136 family is interchangeable by a cassette-like mechanism, generating further diversity in repeat size, copy number, and sequence. Flanking the 5' region of the CRP136 family is a novel protein kinase gene and an ankyrin homolog, creating a conserved unit. A short spacer separates the ankyrin gene from the variable, tandem array of rDNA gene units at a common breakpoint within the large subunit gene, which is followed by the (TAGGG)n telomeric sequence. Transcriptional up-regulation of the CRP136 family is accompanied by a switch in mRNA length and promoter, of de novo expression, and suggests that CRP136 mRNA induction is under the control of a telomerically regulated position effect, which evolved very early in the eukaryotic lineage.

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Section: Upcrof1-et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Construction and Screening Of Size-specific Genomic Dna Librmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…duodenalis BRIS/83/HEPU/106 is our standard laboratory strain (Upcroft et al 1993. For the origin of OAS1,…”

Section: G Duodenalis Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Telomeric organization of a variable and inducible toxin gene family in the ancient eukaryote Giardia duodenalis.

Upcroft¹,

Chen²,

Upcroft³

1997

Genome Res.

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My favorite cell: Giardia

Upcroft

1998

Bioessays

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The gut protozoan parasite, Giardia duodenalis, is the best characterized example of the most ancient eukaryotes, which are anaerobic and appear to be primitively amitochondrial. Apart from its obvious medical importance, Giardia is fascinating in its own right. Its prokaryotic‐like anaerobic metabolism renders it selectively sensitive to some bacterial drugs, especially the nitroimidazoles, which are activated to form toxic radicals. Other features, including an enzyme that reduces oxygen directly to water, cysteine as the keeper of redox balance, a plasmid, and toxin‐like genes are also distinctly prokaryotic‐like. But, unlike prokaryotes, Giardia has a sophisticated, highly developed cytoskeleton, bounded nuclei, linear chromosomes capped with telomeric repeats, and telomere positional regulation of gene expression. BioEssays 20:256–263, 1998.© 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Barcoding ofGiardia duodenalisisolates and derived lines from an established cryobank by a mutation scanning‐based approach

et al. 2011

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We barcoded 25 in vitro isolates (representing 92 samples) of Giardia duodenalis from humans and other animals, which have been assembled by the Upcroft team at the Queensland Institute of Medical Research over a period of almost three decades. We used mutation scanning-coupled sequencing of loci in the triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and beta-giardin (bg) genes, combined with phylogenetic analysis, to genetically characterise them. Specifically, the isolates (n = 14) of G. duodenalis from humans from Australia (AD113; BRIS/83/HEPU/106; BRIS/87/HEPU/713; BRIS/89/HEPU/1003; BRIS/91/HEPU/1279; BRIS/92/HEPU/1541; BRIS/92/HEPU/1590; BRIS/92/HEPU/2443; BRIS/93/HEPU/1706), Malaysia (KL/92/IMR/1106) and Afghanistan (WB), a cat from Australia (BAC2), a sheep from Canada (OAS1) and a sulphur-crested cockatoo from Australia (BRIS/95/HEPU/2041) represented assemblage A (sub-assemblage AI-1, AI-2 or AII-2); isolates (n = 10) from humans from Australia (BRIS/91/HEPU/1279; BRIS/92/HEPU/2342; BRIS/92/HEPU/2348; BRIS/93/HEPU/1638; BRIS/93/HEPU/1653; BRIS/93/HEPU/1705; BRIS/93/HEPU/1718; BRIS/93/HEPU/1727), Papua New Guinea (BRIS/92/HEPU/1487) and Canada (H7) represented assemblage B (sub-assemblage BIV); and an isolate from cattle from Australia (BRIS/92/HEPU/1709) had a match to assemblage E. Isolate BRIS/90/HEPU/1229 from a human from Australia was shown to represent a mixed population of assemblages A and B. These barcoded isolates (including stocks and derived lines) now allow direct comparisons of experimental data among laboratories and represent a massive resource for transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolic and functional genomic studies using advanced molecular technologies. (Nucleotide sequences reported in this paper are available in the GenBank database under accession nos. XXXXX-XXXXX).

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Chromosomal duplication in Giardia duodenalis

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Telomeric organization of a variable and inducible toxin gene family in the ancient eukaryote Giardia duodenalis.

Telomeric organization of a variable and inducible toxin gene family in the ancient eukaryote Giardia duodenalis.

My favorite cell: Giardia

Barcoding ofGiardia duodenalisisolates and derived lines from an established cryobank by a mutation scanning‐based approach

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