Chromosome damage and cytotoxicity in oral mucosa cells after 2 months of exposure to anabolic steroids (decadurabolin and winstrol) in weight lifting

Martins, Renato A.; Gomes, Guilherme Assoni; Aguiar, Odair; Medalha, Carla Christina; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki

doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2010.05.015

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Side effects which cannot be easily recognised by the user, however, include oligo‐azospermia, damage to tendons and muscles, and more seriously, damage to the cardiovascular system and internal organs. Adverse effects of anabolic androgenic steroid use are largely dose dependent and reversible upon cessation of use, although there is some evidence to suggest that carcinogenesis may arise from even short‐term use (Frankenfeld et al, ; Martins, Gomes, Aguiar O Jr, Medalha, & Ribeiro, ).…”

Section: Harms Of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in the United Kingdom: An update

Mullen

Whalley

Schifano

et al. 2020

British J Pharmacology

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Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) are prescribed for medical conditions related to low testosterone. Abuse of AASs has surged as they become recognised as potent image enhancement drugs. The primary goal of most abusers is to obtain a more attractive outward appearance. Abuse is complex. There are a vast range of AAS substances illegally available, the nature of their true composition is difficult to evaluate.Users follow dosing patterns which incorporate a number of different AASs, in addition to other pharmaceutical substances believed to complement the desired physical effects or manage unwanted effects. Animal work and medical case reports suggest potential to cause serious hepatotoxicity, plus possible neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and damage to the cardiovascular and reproductive systems. As the long-term AASs users reach maturity, further controlled experimentation, with larger sample sizes, is required. Data gathering should be directed towards the most vulnerable group of AAS users, females and adolescent boys.

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Section: Harms Of Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in the United Kingdom: An update

Mullen

Whalley

Schifano

et al. 2020

British J Pharmacology

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“…The formation of micronuclei can be induced by substances that cause chromosome breakage (clastogens) as well as by agents affecting the spindle apparatus (aneugens) [6]. Recently, we have successfully applied such a methodology to individuals exposed to dental X-ray [7] or xenobiotics [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic damage induced by mouthrinses formulations in vivo and in vitro

et al. 2011

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The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate DNA damage and cellular death in cells exposed to various commercially available mouthrinses: Listerine Cepacol, Plax alcohol free, Periogard, and Plax Whitening. A total of 75 volunteers were included in the search distributed into five groups containing 15 people each for in vivo study. Exfoliated buccal mucosa cells were collected immediately before mouthrinse exposure and after 2 weeks. Furthermore, blood samples were obtained from three healthy donors for in vitro study. The micronucleus test was used to evaluate mutagenicity and cytotoxicity in vivo. The single-cell gel (comet) assay was used to determine DNA damage in vitro. After 2 weeks exposure, Periogard showed 1.8% of micronucleated cells with significant statistical differences (p < 0.05) compared to before exposure (0.27%). Plax Whitening presented high tail moment value (4.5) when compared to negative control (0.6). The addition of all mouthrinses to cells incubated with methyl methanesulfonate did not alter the number of strand breaks in the genetic material. Listerine was able to reduce genetic damage induced by hydrogen peroxide because a decrease of tail moment was noticed. The results of the present study suggest that Periogard and Plax Whitening can induce genetic damage, whereas Listerine is an antioxidant agent. Since DNA damage is considered to be prime mechanism during chemical carcinogenesis, these data may be relevant in risk assessment for protecting human health and preventing carcinogenesis.

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“…According to our search, there was only one study available in the literature investigating stanozolol and exercise-induced genotoxicity. Martins et al demonstrated that the administration of anabolic steroids (decadurabulin and winstrol) induced chromosomal damage, which was not associated with physical activity (36). The results of our study indicated increased DNA damage in the exercise-exposed control group (PG and exercise group); however, stanozolol played a protective role in exercise-induced DNA damage in the stonozolol-exposed groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of DNA damage and telomerase activity in stanozolol-treated rats

Kara

Özçağlı

Fragkiadaki

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are performance-enhancing drugs commonly abused by atheletes. Stanozolol is a synthetic testosterone-derived anabolic steroid. Although it is well known that AAS have several side-effects, there are only few toxicological studies available on the toxic effects and mechanisms of action of stanozolol. The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of stanozolol and to determine its effects on telomerase activity in Sprague-Dawley male rats. For this purpose, 34 male rats were divided into 5 groups as follows: i) the control group (n=5); ii) the propylene glycol (PG)-treated group (n=5); iii) the stanozolol-treated group (n=8); iv) the PG-treated group subjected to exercise (n=8); and v) the stanozolol-treated group subjected to exercise (n=8). PG is used as a solvent control in our study. Stanozolol (5 mg/kg) and PG (1 ml/kg) were injected subcutaneously 5 days/week for 28 days. After 28 days, the animals were sacrificed, and DNA damage evaluation (comet assay) and telomerase activity assays were then performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Telomerase activity was measured by using the TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA PLUS kit. The results of this study revealed that stanozolol treatment induced DNA damage, while exercise exerted a protective effect. Stanozolol treatment without exercise stimulation was associated with a significant increase in telomerase activity in the PBMCs.

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Chromosome damage and cytotoxicity in oral mucosa cells after 2 months of exposure to anabolic steroids (decadurabolin and winstrol) in weight lifting

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in the United Kingdom: An update

Anabolic androgenic steroid abuse in the United Kingdom: An update

Cytogenetic damage induced by mouthrinses formulations in vivo and in vitro

Determination of DNA damage and telomerase activity in stanozolol-treated rats

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