Chromosome Manipulation for Plant Breeding Purposes

Prieto, Pilar

doi:10.3390/agronomy10111695

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Chromosomal rearrangements are a type of genetic alteration that can be used in plant breeding programs to produce new varieties with desirable traits [ 71 ]. Rearrangements involve breaking and rejoining sections of chromosomes, resulting in rearrangements of gene order, deletions or additions of genetic material, or changes in chromosome structure [ 71 , 72 ]. These changes can lead to new combinations of genes that can confer desirable traits.…”

Section: Chromosomal Rearrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Mysteries of Non-Mendelian Heredity in Plant Breeding

Yoosefzadeh-Najafabadi

Hesami

Rajcan

2023

Plants

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Mendelian heredity is the cornerstone of plant breeding and has been used to develop new varieties of plants since the 19th century. However, there are several breeding cases, such as cytoplasmic inheritance, methylation, epigenetics, hybrid vigor, and loss of heterozygosity (LOH), where Mendelian heredity is not applicable, known as non-Mendelian heredity. This type of inheritance can be influenced by several factors besides the genetic architecture of the plant and its breeding potential. Therefore, exploring various non-Mendelian heredity mechanisms, their prevalence in plants, and the implications for plant breeding is of paramount importance to accelerate the pace of crop improvement. In this review, we examine the current understanding of non-Mendelian heredity in plants, including the mechanisms, inheritance patterns, and applications in plant breeding, provide an overview of the various forms of non-Mendelian inheritance (including epigenetic inheritance, cytoplasmic inheritance, hybrid vigor, and LOH), explore insight into the implications of non-Mendelian heredity in plant breeding, and the potential it holds for future research.

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Section: Chromosomal Rearrangementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Mysteries of Non-Mendelian Heredity in Plant Breeding

Yoosefzadeh-Najafabadi

Hesami

Rajcan

2023

Plants

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“…One approach is to exploit interspecific crosses or alien introgression lines and screen for useful crossover events during meiosis. Grain crops of the Triticeae such as wheat, rye, barley, along with forage grasses, have been a particular focus of chromosome manipulation ( Prieto, 2020 ). Among the Triticaceae family, several chromosomes of different species have been described to contain beneficial traits such as biotic stress resistance ( Zeller and Hsam, 1983 ) or yield potential ( Rajaram et al, 1983 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and artificial sources of genetic variation used in crop breeding: A baseline comparator for genome editing

2022

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Traditional breeding has successfully selected beneficial traits for food, feed, and fibre crops over the last several thousand years. The last century has seen significant technological advancements particularly in marker assisted selection and the generation of induced genetic variation, including over the last few decades, through mutation breeding, genetic modification, and genome editing. While regulatory frameworks for traditional varietal development and for genetic modification with transgenes are broadly established, those for genome editing are lacking or are still evolving in many regions. In particular, the lack of “foreign” recombinant DNA in genome edited plants and that the resulting SNPs or INDELs are indistinguishable from those seen in traditional breeding has challenged development of new legislation. Where products of genome editing and other novel breeding technologies possess no transgenes and could have been generated via traditional methods, we argue that it is logical and proportionate to apply equivalent legislative oversight that already exists for traditional breeding and novel foods. This review analyses the types and the scale of spontaneous and induced genetic variation that can be selected during traditional plant breeding activities. It provides a base line from which to judge whether genetic changes brought about by techniques of genome editing or other reverse genetic methods are indeed comparable to those routinely found using traditional methods of plant breeding.

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