Chronic Exercise Increases Both Inducible and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells of Rat Aorta

Yang, Ai Lun; Tsai, Shaw-Jenq; Jiang, Meei Jyh; Jen, Chauying J.; Chen, Hsiun Ing

doi:10.1159/000048211

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Daily exercise has been found to promote eNOS expression and alleviate negative changes in hypertensive rats (Moraes-Teixeira et al 2010). Physical activity also promotes NO activity in ovariectomized rats (Lee et al 2012) and eNOS and iNOS mRNA expression in aorta (Yang et al 2002). This is in line with the results of the current study as in both running experimental groups the expression of eNOS and nNOS in similar to control group while it is lower in supplemented notrunning groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Changes in histological structure and nitric oxide synthase expression in aorta of rats supplemented with bee pollen or whey protein

Zarobkiewicz

Sławiński

Wawryk‐Gawda

et al. 2019

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Changes in histological structure and NOS expression in aorta of rats supplemented with bee pollen or whey protein.Introduction. Various protein-based supplements are at least periodically consumed by 30-40% of sportspeople. The current study compares cardiovascular effects of diet supplementation with two different protein-rich products -bee pollen and whey proteins.Material and methods. 30 Wistar rats were divided into two parts, one subjected to daily moderate physical activity and one not. Each part consisted of three groups: one control group, one wheyprotein-supplemented and one bee-pollen-supplemented. After eight weeks rats were decapitated and proximal parts of thoracic aortas were collected, and embed in paraffin blocks. Histological slides were stained according to standard H&E, Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff-Van Gieson stainings. Special immunohistochemical stains against nNOS, eNOS and α-SMA were also prepared.Results. Histological evaluation has revealed noticeable changes in all supplemented groupsdisturbances in elastic laminae, slight increase in collagen deposition and significantly lowered nNOS and eNOS expression. The prevalence of micro atherosclerotic plaques has been the highest in not-running supplemented groups, while in running supplemented groups it has resembled the prevalence in control groups. Both running groups have had also thinner tunica media than control.Conclusions. Both supplements exerts visible effects on aortic structure, but the difference between them is far less evident. In some aspects, however; the bee pollen seems to be even slightly more harmful which may be probably related to various possible contaminants like mycotoxins or pesticides.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Changes in histological structure and nitric oxide synthase expression in aorta of rats supplemented with bee pollen or whey protein

Zarobkiewicz

Sławiński

Wawryk‐Gawda

et al. 2019

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…In L-NNA-treated rats that were stimulated, depressed basal NO production was established by the significant rise in mean arterial pressure, which equalled that seen with much higher oral doses [30]. On the assumption that in our experiments NO blockade was effective, the effects of chronic stimulation could be due to reversal of this, possibly by activity-induced up-regulation of NOS gene expression [31]or increased eNOS phosphorylation [32]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Arteriolar Endothelial Dysfunction Is Restored in Ischaemic Muscles by Chronic Electrical Stimulation

Kelsall

Brown²,

Kent³

et al. 2004

J Vasc Res

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Chronic intermittent electrical stimulation (15 min on, 85 min off, seven times per day) eliminated endothelial dysfunction of pre-capillary arterioles in ischaemic rat ankle flexor muscles. Responses to acetylcholine were restored from constriction to dilation, and the reduced dilation to bradykinin was corrected by 1 week of stimulation. Administration of the NOS inhibitor N^ω-nitro-L-arginine for 1 week impaired arteriolar reactivity in a similar way to ischaemia, and dilator function was likewise restored by chronic stimulation. This suggests that nitric oxide production in the microcirculation is depressed by chronic ischaemia and that chronic electrical stimulation can specifically reverse this deficit. Stimulation applied to ischaemic muscles for 2 weeks also increased the numbers of microvessels immunostained for α-smooth muscle actin and the numbers of eNOS-positive microvessels and capillaries. These findings help to elucidate the mechanism of the beneficial effect of exercise in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases by showing that muscle activity can improve both function and structural capacity of the microvasculature.

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“…Examination of the time-course of training-induced increases in aortic EDD revealed no change following a single exercise bout or after training durations of less than four weeks, but aortic EDD was increased following training programs of 4 weeks and 10 weeks (7). Subsequent studies using 8-10 weeks of training in rats (5,6,61) confirmed these results (see Table 1). Also, 16-19 weeks of training in pigs (45) produce changes in aortic endothelial gene expression consistent with enhanced EDD following long term training.…”

Section: Conduit Arteriesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Endothelial Function and Exercise Training

Jasperse

Laughlin

2006

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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This review summarizes and examines the evidence from experiments using animal models to determine the effect of endurance exercise training on endothelium-dependent dilation in the arterial circulation. The response of the endothelium to exercise training is complex and depends on a number of factors that include the duration of the training program, the size of the artery/arteriole, the anatomical location of the artery/arteriole, and the health of the individual. In healthy animals, short-term exercise training appears to cause enhanced endothelium-dependent dilation in some vascular beds, but it returns to normal levels as the duration of the training program increases. In general, evidence supports the notion that exercise training causes greater increases in endothelium-dependent dilation in various disease states than in healthy individuals. The evidence of a generalized effect of training on arterial endothelium in all regions of the body is inconsistent and appears to depend on the animal model used. Available results indicate that training duration, artery size, and anatomical location interact in ways not fully understood at this time to determine whether and to what extent endothelium-dependent dilation will be enhanced by exercise training.

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Chronic Exercise Increases Both Inducible and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells of Rat Aorta

Cited by 18 publications

References 38 publications

Changes in histological structure and nitric oxide synthase expression in aorta of rats supplemented with bee pollen or whey protein

Changes in histological structure and nitric oxide synthase expression in aorta of rats supplemented with bee pollen or whey protein

Arteriolar Endothelial Dysfunction Is Restored in Ischaemic Muscles by Chronic Electrical Stimulation

Endothelial Function and Exercise Training

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