Chronic Food Deprivation Decreases Extracellular Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens: Implications for a Possible Neurochemical Link Between Weight Loss and Drug Abuse

Pothos, Emmanuel N.; Hernández, Luis; Hoebel, Bartley G.

doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528.1995.tb00222.x

Cited by 62 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Rats that were tested just once with drug after 5 or 6 weeks of eating high-fat chow were significantly more sensitive (i.e., both limbs of the dose-response curve shifted leftward) than rats eating standard chow to apomorphine-induced and quinpirole-induced yawning, respectively, indicating increased sensitivity at D3 and D2 receptors. These behavioral data parallel results from neurochemistry studies showing that food restriction decreases extracellular dopamine concentration in the nucleus accumbens (Pothos et al 1995), increases dopamine D2 receptor binding (Thanos et al 2008), and increases coupling between D2 receptors and G proteins (Carr 2002). Moreover, rats eating high-fat chow have decreased extracellular dopamine in the nucleus accumbens (Rada et al 2010) and increased D2 receptor binding (South and Huang 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Sensitivity to apomorphine-induced yawning and hypothermia in rats eating standard or high-fat chow

Baladi

Thomas

2011

Psychopharmacology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Sensitivity to apomorphine-induced yawning and hypothermia in rats eating standard or high-fat chow

Baladi

Thomas

2011

Psychopharmacology

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“…It has been demonstrated that with food intake dopamine release is enhanced in the circuits that mediate the pleasurable aspects of the eating (Volkow et al 2011). However, decreased body weight aft er chronic food deprivation has been shown to be associated with a decrease of dopamine levels (Pothos et al 1995). Th is suggests that increased food intake aft er chronic food deprivation and weight loss may represent a compensatory mechanism to restore the baseline dopamine levels .…”

Section: Role Of the Reward Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central and peripheral control of food intake

Abdalla

2017

Endocrine Regulations

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Th e maintenance of the body weight at a stable level is a major determinant in keeping the higher animals and mammals survive. Th e body weight depends on the balance between the energy intake and energy expenditure. Increased food intake over the energy expenditure of prolonged time period results in an obesity. Th e obesity has become an important worldwide health problem, even at low levels. Th e obesity has an evil eff ect on the health and is associated with a shorter life expectancy. A complex of central and peripheral physiological signals is involved in the control of the food intake. Centrally, the food intake is controlled by the hypothalamus, the brainstem, and endocannabinoids and peripherally by the satiety and adiposity signals. Comprehension of the signals that control food intake and energy balance may open a new therapeutic approaches directed against the obesity and its associated complications, as is the insulin resistance and others. In conclusion, the present review summarizes the current knowledge about the complex system of the peripheral and central regulatory mechanisms of food intake and their potential therapeutic implications in the treatment of obesity. Th e maintenance of the body weight at a stable level is a major determinant in keeping the higher animals and mammals survive (Jequier and Tappy 1999). As a compensatory mechanism, hunger increases and energy expenditure decreases the weight loss. However, opposite responses are triggered when body weight increases. Body weight can change only when energy intake is not equal to energy expenditure over a given period of time (Bray et al. 2012). A complex physiological control system is involved in the maintenance of the energy balance. Th is system includes aff erent signals from the periphery about the state of the energy stores and eff erent signals that affect the energy intake and expenditure (Sandoval et al. 2008). Th is regulatory system is formed by multiple interactions between the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), adipose tissue, and the central nervous system (CNS). It is infl uenced by behavioral, sensorial, autonomic, nutritional, and endocrine mechanisms (Boguszewski et al. 2010). Satiety and adiposity signalsTh e food intake control includes a short-term regulation, which determines the beginning and the end of a meal (hunger and satiation) and the interval between the meals (satiety) and a long-term regulation with factors (signals of adiposity), which help to regulate the body energy depots (Cummings and Overduin 2007).Th e satiation means a suppression of the hunger and termination of the food intake aft er ingestion of Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/11/18 9:54 AM

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“…Nevertheless, only few studies have investigated the possibility of stress induced changes in brain DA receptors in animal models [14,15]. However, contrasting results reported by these studies do not permit any firm conclusion on the effects of stress on DA receptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Differential Response of Central Dopaminergic System in Acute and Chronic Unpredictable Stress Models in Rats

et al. 2009

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We aimed to evaluate the response of dopaminergic system in acute stress (AS) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) by measuring dopamine (DA) levels, its receptor densities in the frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, amygdala and orbito-frontal cortex regions of rat brain, and investigated the corresponding behavioral locomotor changes. Involvement of D(1) receptor was also examined during AS and CUS using A 68930, a D(1) selective agonist. Rats were exposed to AS (single immobilization for 150 min) and CUS (two different stressors for 7 days). AS significantly decreased the DA levels in the striatum and hippocampus, and A 68930 pretreatment significantly reverted these changes. However, in the frontal cortex significantly increased DA levels were remain unchanged following A 68930. CUS led to a decrease of DA levels in the frontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus, which were normalized by A 68930. Saturation radioligand binding assays revealed a significant decrease in the number of D(1)-like receptors in the frontal cortex during CUS, which were further decreased by A 68930 pretreatment. However, in the striatum and hippocampus, A 68930 pretreatment reduced the CUS induced increase in the number of D(1)-like receptors. No significant changes were observed in the amygdala and orbito-frontal cortex during AS and CUS, while D(2)-like receptors were unchanged in all the brain regions studied. Locomotor activity was significantly decreased in both the stress models, A 68930 pretreatment significantly increased stereotypic counts and horizontal activity. Thus, present investigation provide insights into the differential regional response of dopaminergic system during AS and CUS. Further, neurochemical and behavioral effects of D(1) agonist pretreatment suggest specific modulatory role of D(1) receptor under such stressful episodes.

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Chronic Food Deprivation Decreases Extracellular Dopamine in the Nucleus Accumbens: Implications for a Possible Neurochemical Link Between Weight Loss and Drug Abuse

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

Sensitivity to apomorphine-induced yawning and hypothermia in rats eating standard or high-fat chow

Sensitivity to apomorphine-induced yawning and hypothermia in rats eating standard or high-fat chow

Central and peripheral control of food intake

Differential Response of Central Dopaminergic System in Acute and Chronic Unpredictable Stress Models in Rats

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