Chronic hepatitis B: Virology, natural history, current management and a glimpse at future opportunities

Gish, Robert G.; Given, Bruce D.; Lai, Ching–Lung; Locarnini, Stephen; Lau, Johnson Y.N.; Lewis, David L.; Schluep, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.06.008

Cited by 229 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Currently, the virus chronically infects approximately 240 million people (Burns & Thompson 2014, Schweitzer et al 2015. The outcome of HBV infection is determined by multiple host and virus factors, and infection can be acute, chronic, or occult (Ganem & Prince 2004, Gish et al 2015, Raimondo et al 2008. Chronic HBV infection can lead to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (Beasley et al 1981, Chen et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hepatitis B Virus Receptor

2015

Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects 240 million people worldwide. A liver-specific bile acid transporter named the sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) has been identified as the cellular receptor for HBV and its satellite, the hepatitis D virus (HDV). NTCP likely acts as a major determinant for the liver tropism and species specificity of HBV and HDV at the entry level. NTCP-mediated HBV entry interferes with bile acid transport in cell cultures and has been linked with alterations in bile acid and cholesterol metabolism in vivo. The human liver carcinoma cell line HepG2, complemented with NTCP, now provides a valuable platform for studying the basic biology of the viruses and developing treatments for HBV infection. This review summarizes critical findings regarding NTCP's role as a viral receptor for HBV and HDV and discusses important questions that remain unanswered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hepatitis B Virus Receptor

2015

Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…El VHB pertenece a la familia Hepadnaviridae, mide 42 nm, es un virus envuelto y contiene un ADN circular de doble cadena parcial conformado por 3200 kilobases (18). Aunque infecta a otros primates, su principal hospedero es el ser humano y se han identificado 10 genotipos (A-J) con diferente distribución geográfica, comportamiento clínico y respuesta a los tratamientos disponibles (11 El VHB ingresa al hepatocito por endocitosis mediante la interacción del HBsAg con el receptor polipéptido cotransportador de sodio-taurocolato (NTCP), con lo que pierde su envoltura (19,20).…”

Section: Ciclo De Replicación Viralunclassified

“…La nucleocápside es transportada hasta el núcleo donde su ADN parcial es madurado por proteínas celulares a un ADNccc, el cual es un minicromosoma muy estable que va a servir como modelo transcripcional para la ARN polimerasa II del hospedero (13,21). Esta enzima genera 4 copias de ARN mensajero (ARNm) que son traducidas por la maquinaria celular y así producen las proteínas virales (11,18).…”

Section: Ciclo De Replicación Viralunclassified

Tratamiento actual y nuevas terapias contra la infección crónica por el virus de la Hepatitis B

Echeverri

Caraballo

Marín

et al. 2017

Rev. Colomb. Gastroenterol.

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La infección crónica por el virus de la hepatitis B es un grave problema de salud pública a nivel mundial. Sus consecuencias llegan a ser mortales y el tratamiento actual no ofrece curación sino control de la enfermedad. Las principales limitantes para una cura son la dificultad para destruir el ADNccc del virus en el núcleo celular y la presencia de material genético viral integrado en el ADN de la célula hospedera. No obstante, hay múltiples frentes de investigación enfocados en encontrar una cura definitiva al potenciar la respuesta inmune del hospedero o al actuar directamente contra el virus y su ciclo de replicación. En este artículo se exponen los principales avances que se han realizado en este campo.

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“…Classically, the course of chronic infection is described as progressing from a period of immune tolerance, characterized by high levels of viremia with no associated liver inflammation, through an immune active phase with flares of hepatitis and ultimately reaching the final immune control stage of infection in which HBV DNA levels are suppressed and liver inflammation resolves [1] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Reactivation: The Controversies Continue

Feld

2017

Dig Dis

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a serious but largely avoidable complication of immunosuppressive therapy. The consequences of reactivation range from subclinical increases in HBV DNA to fulminant liver failure, which can be prevented with the appropriate use of prophylactic antiviral therapy. However, which patients need to be screened and whether all patients who test positive for any serological test require antiviral therapy are issues that still remain unclear. Additional issues such as the choice of antiviral and the duration of treatment also need clarification. Some of the confusion comes from the use of varying definitions in the literature to define outcomes. In this review, areas of controversy from definitions of reactivation to management of patients who are hepatitis B surface antigen and lone anti-core antibody positive in different clinical settings are discussed. The recently recognized issue of reactivation in the setting of hepatitis C antiviral therapy is also addressed as well as some recommendations for areas of future research to help clarify best practices.

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Chronic hepatitis B: Virology, natural history, current management and a glimpse at future opportunities

Cited by 229 publications

References 129 publications

The Hepatitis B Virus Receptor

The Hepatitis B Virus Receptor

Tratamiento actual y nuevas terapias contra la infección crónica por el virus de la Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B Reactivation: The Controversies Continue

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