Chronic low‐dose radiation inhibits cisplatin‐induced formation of tumorous clones in <i><scp>D</scp>rosophila melanogaster wts/</i> + heterozygotes

As the human lifespan has increased dramatically in recent decades, the amount of aging research has correspondingly increased. To investigate mechanisms of aging, an efficient model system is required. Although mammalian animal models are essential for aging studies, they are sometimes inappropriate due to their long lifespans and high maintenance costs. In this regard, insects can be effective alternative model systems for aging studies, as insects have a relatively short lifespan and cost less to maintain. Many species of insects have been used as model systems for aging studies, especially fruit flies, silkworm moths and several social insects. Fruit flies are most commonly used for aging studies due to the wide availability of abundant resources such as mutant stocks, databases and genetic tools. Silkworm moths are also good tools for studying aging at the tissue level due to their relatively large size. Last, social insects such as ants and bees are good for investigating lifespan determinants, as their lifespans significantly differ according to caste despite a constant genotype among the population. In this review, we discuss the current status and future prospects of aging research using insect model systems.

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“…; Seong et al . ). Fruit flies are very similar to humans in terms of disease‐related genes and pathways.…”

Section: Fruit Fly Drosophila Melanogastermentioning

confidence: 97%

Insects as a model system for aging studies

Lee

Min

2014

Entomological Research

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Biological effects of low-dose γ-ray irradiation on chromosomes and DNA of Drosophila melanogaster

Tanaka

Furuta

2020

Journal of Radiation Research

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While the damage to chromosomes and genes induced by high-dose radiation (HDR) has been well researched in many organisms, the effects of low-dose radiation (LDR), defined as a radiation dose of ≤100 mSv, are still being debated. Recent research has suggested that the biological effects of LDR differ from those observed in HDR. To detect the effect of LDR on genes, we selected a gene of Drosophila melanogaster, known as the multiple wing hair (mwh) gene. The hatched heterozygous larvae with genotype mwh/+ were irradiated by γ-rays of a 60Co source. After eclosion, the wing hairs of the heterozygous flies were observed. The area of only one or two mwh cells (small spot) and that of more than three mwh cells (large spot) were counted. The ratio of the two kinds of spots were compared between groups irradiated by different doses including a non-irradiated control group. For the small spot in females, the eruption frequency increased in the groups irradiated with 20–75 mGy, indicating hypersensitivity (HRS) to LDR, while in the groups irradiated with 200 and 300 mGy, the frequency decreased, indicating induced radioresistance (IRR), while in males, 50 and 100 mGy conferred HRS and 75 and 200 mGy conferred IRR. For the large spot in females, 75 mGy conferred HRS and 100–800 mGy conferred IRR. In conclusion, HRS and IRR to LDR was found in Drosophila wing cells by delimiting the dose of γ-rays finely, except in the male large spot.

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Chronic low‐dose radiation inhibits cisplatin‐induced formation of tumorous clones in Drosophila melanogaster wts/ + heterozygotes

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Insects as a model system for aging studies

Insects as a model system for aging studies

Biological effects of low-dose γ-ray irradiation on chromosomes and DNA of Drosophila melanogaster

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