Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Secondary to Household Air Pollution

Assad, Nour; Balmes, John R.; Mehta, Sumi; Cheema, Umar; Sood, Anil K.

doi:10.1055/s-0035-1554846

Cited by 74 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Accordingly, the authors concluded that pulmonary hypertension was more common in the case than in the control group [33]. In a review article by Assad et al it was concluded that in COPD due to biomaterial smoke, in comparison to smoking-induced type, the bronchial involvement is more widespread, the emphysematous changes are less and the pulmonary hypertension is more severe [34]. We also reached a similar conclusion [35][36].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Investigating Types and Frequency of Vascular Findings in Pulmonary CT Angiography of Baker females with Pulmonary Complaints in Comparison with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Javadrashid,¹,

Arablou²,

Mostafaei³

2017

ajlsr

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Still in many places all over the world including East Azerbaijan Province and particularly in rural areas, women use traditional methods such as using oven and organic fuels (wood, turd) to bake bread. It has been shown that the smoke organic fuels in places with inadequate ventilation for a long term may cause a range of problems in the respiratory system. CT angiography is a good and less invasive method in evaluating pulmonary vascular system. This study tried to compare CT angiography findings in the lungs of bread-cooking women with respiratory complaints and females with COPD and no history of bread cooking. In this casecontrol setting, 36 patients in the bread-cooking group (case) and 36 patients with COPD in the control group underwent lung CT angiography. Pathologic findings including dilation of the bronchial arteries, hyper vascularization of the bronchial arteries, changes in pulmonary trunk diameter, silent embolism and any other abnormal changes were documented and compared between the two groups. The mean duration of bread-cooking was 4.78±3.17 years (2-12). Abnormal vascular findings in lung CT angiographies of the bread-cooking women with respiratory complaints were dilation of the bronchial arteries (22.2%), hyper vascularization of the bronchial arteries (8.3%), silent embolism (11.1%) and parenchymal emphysematous changes (13.9%). They were documented in the COPD group in 36.1%, 27.8%, 27.8% and 3.33% of the patients, respectively. Accordingly, the frequency of hyper vascularization of the bronchial arteries and parenchymal emphysematous changes was significantly higher in the COPD group than in the bread-cooking women. In contrast, the mean diameter of the pulmonary trunk was significantly higher in the bread-cooking group (3.32 vs. 3.17 cm). Abnormal findings in lung CT angiography of bread-cooking women with respiratory symptoms are frequent and in some cases, they are different from findings in the lungs of women with COPD and no previous history of breadcooking.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Investigating Types and Frequency of Vascular Findings in Pulmonary CT Angiography of Baker females with Pulmonary Complaints in Comparison with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Javadrashid,¹,

Arablou²,

Mostafaei³

2017

ajlsr

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“…However, indices of iron homeostasis were also associated with COPD in non-smokers. Etiologies of irreversible airway obstruction in non-smokers can include occupational exposures to particles (eg, miners, tunnel workers, and concrete workers and air pollution) 23,24. The basic mechanism of the biological effect of such particles is the same as that of cigarette smoke particles, that is, they also disrupt iron homeostasis resulting in an accumulation of iron with an oxidative stress and injury ensuing 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indices of iron homeostasis correlate with airway obstruction in an NHANES III cohort

Ghio¹,

Hilborn²

2017

COPD

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Cigarette smoking results in the accumulation of iron both systemically and locally, in the lung thereby causing imbalance in iron homeostasis. This disruption in iron homeostasis can be associated with oxidative stress and consequent tissue injury. Therefore, in this study, we tested the association between iron homeostasis and airway obstruction by examining a large cohort of smokers and non-smokers for relationships between 1) serum ferritin and iron concentrations and transferrin saturation and 2) forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and their ratio (FEV1/FVC). Data from the National Health and Examination Survey III were analyzed. The study population included persons aged 20 years and above with their following data recorded: race, gender, serum ferritin and iron concentrations, and transferrin saturation; the final sample number was 7,251. In the total population, Pearson correlation coefficients between 1) serum ferritin and iron concentrations and transferrin saturation and 2) FVC and FEV1 were significantly positive; whereas those between 1) serum ferritin concentrations and transferrin saturation and 2) FEV1/FVC were significantly negative. With separate analyses, serum ferritin concentrations demonstrated positive associations with FVC and FEV1 but an inverse relationship with FEV1/FVC in smokers and non-smokers. Serum ferritin levels increased with worsening airway obstruction among smokers, and its highest concentrations were found among those with the lowest values of FEV1/FVC ratio (<60%). Comparable to cigarette smokers, serum ferritin concentrations among non-smokers were greatest in those with the lowest FEV1/FVC ratio. Furthermore, elevated levels of serum iron and saturation of transferrin also corresponded with decreased FEV1/FVC ratio among non-smokers. Thus, we conclude that indices of iron homeostasis are associated with airway obstruction in both smokers and non-smokers.

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“…5,6 There is growing evidence that indoor air pollution from biomass cooking and heating in poorly ventilated dwellings is an important risk factor for COPD. 7 The role of outdoor air pollution is unclear. Chronic and progressive dyspnoea is the cardinal symptom of COPD and a major cause of disability in these patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the clinical profile of 50 patients of COPD with correlation between clinical, radiological and spirometric evaluation

Kamdar

Patel

2017

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable disease that is characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/ or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. Tobacco smoking, occupational exposure to organic and inorganic dusts, chemical agents and fumes and biomass cooking are the risk factors for COPD. Chronic dyspnoea, cough, sputum production, wheezing and chest tightness are the common symptoms of COPD. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical, radiological and spirometric parameters in patients with COPD and to demonstrate a correlation between them. Methods: This was a prospective study of 50 patients of COPD who presented to out-patient department. We included all patients above 40 years of age with a smoking index of 200 or more, or history of exposure to occupational dust, biomass fuel gas or exposure to other obnoxious gases; and who had history of dyspnoea and cough. Spirometry was performed to confirm the diagnosis and to grade the severity of airflow obstruction. History of dyspnoea, cough, sputum production, wheezing, chest tightness, fever, weight loss and the number of exacerbations in the previous year was noted. We then performed a detailed clinical examination. Blood was sent for haemogram and arterial blood gas analysis and all patients underwent an ECG, 2-D Echo and HRCT of the thorax. We then studied the correlation between the clinical, radiological and spirometric profiles in these patients. Results: Out of the 50 patients, majority was between 50-59 years of age, with male to female ratio of 1.94:1.00. History of smoking was present in 74% patients, exposure to biomass fuel in 12% and exposure to occupational dust in 6% patients. Commonest symptom was dyspnoea (in 100% patients) followed by cough (88%), sputum production (68%), wheezing (58%), chest tightness and fever (30%) and weight loss (28%). HRCT was positive in 75% patients, while ECG changes were seen in 42% patients and pulmonary hypertension was present in 54% patients. A significant association was observed between grade 5 dyspnoea on mMRC, hypoxia, hypercarbia, pulmonary hypertension and Gold-5 airflow obstruction. Conclusions: In the present study of 50 cases, COPD was seen predominantly in male patients, with a mean age of presentation between 50-59 years. Tobacco smoking was the commonest etiological factor. Clinical symptoms most commonly documented were dyspnoea, cough with or without expectoration, wheezing, chest tightness, fever and weight loss. A significant association was observed between grade 5 dyspnoea on mMRC, hypoxia, hypercarbia, pulmonary hypertension and Gold-5 airflow obstruction.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Secondary to Household Air Pollution

Cited by 74 publications

References 86 publications

Investigating Types and Frequency of Vascular Findings in Pulmonary CT Angiography of Baker females with Pulmonary Complaints in Comparison with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Investigating Types and Frequency of Vascular Findings in Pulmonary CT Angiography of Baker females with Pulmonary Complaints in Comparison with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Indices of iron homeostasis correlate with airway obstruction in an NHANES III cohort

A study of the clinical profile of 50 patients of COPD with correlation between clinical, radiological and spirometric evaluation

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