Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM): Evaluation of fungal and aerobic bacterial agents and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates

Abstract

Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an important cause of preventable hearing loss, particularly in the developing world. Aim: To determine the microbiological profile of CSOM and determine the antibiotic susceptibility testing of aerobic bacteria which will be beneficial for appropr iate treatment there by reducing complications. Methods and Materials: A total of 109 patients with CSOM attending outpatient and admitted inpatient in ENT department were included in the study. Two pus swabs each for infected ear were collected. Specimens were subjected to Gram stain and plated on to appropriate culture media to isolate bacterial and fungal pathogens. Bacterial and Fungal species identification and Antibiotic susceptibility testing of aerobic bacteria of isolated pathogens was done. Results: Out of 109 samples cultured there were 70 bacterial and 14 fungal isolates. Most common aerobic bacterial isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.2%) followed by Proteus mirabilis (22.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (17%). Among fungal isolate, Aspergillus niger (64.3%) was predominant followed by Aspergillus flavus (21.4%) and Candida species (14.3%). Amikacin (91.6%) and Ciprofloxacin(87.5%) showed maximum activity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibacterial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus revealed 58.3% Methcillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Conclusions: Emergence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as most common aerobic isolate and high incidence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in present study indicates the necessity of continuous evaluation of bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in all CSOM cases.

Aetiology of ear infection and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among patients attending otorhinolaryngology clinic at a tertiary hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a hospital-based cross-sectional study

“…The finding is similar to studies done in Tanzania by Kennedy et al in Morogoro, 4 Zephania et al in Dar es Salaam, 15 Martha et al in Mwanza 3 and other studies in Kenya and India. 16 17 Furthermore, we observed that S. aureus and P.s aeruginosa are ear infections’ leading bacterial aetiological agents, similar to previous studies in Tanzania, Nigeria, Angola, Kenya and India. 3 17–19 In addition, this study found Candida spp and Aspergillus spp the fungal spp, causing ear infections consistent with previous findings in Tanzania and elsewhere (Nigeria, Iran, Ethiopia, Egypt and India).…”

Bacteriological Trends of Chronic Mucosal Otitis Media in a Tertiary Care Hospital in the Northern Region of Bangladesh

“…Water of the ponds, river or canals is usually polluted which infects the middle ear cleft frequently and also interrupts to heal the pre-existing tympanic membrane perforation and pathology within the middle ear. About 75% of the individuals, revealed in this study, used to take bath in pond and river, which are in correlation with that of study carried out by Shaheen et al 20 In the present study, of 2 Pavani et al, 3 Shilpa et al, 8 Hiremath et al 13 and Govindaraj et al 14 The observations made from different studies indicate that there can be variation in causative organism based on ethnic, geographic factors. Overall, our study showed significant difference in isolates trends in COM patients compared to previous studies conducted.…”

“…2 The disease usually begins in childhood as an acute infection of the middle ear. 3 It is much prevalent in low socioeconomic societies of developing countries because of poor hygiene, recurrent upper respiratory tract infection, overcrowding, malnutrition and inadequate health care, 4 where poorer rural community has a significantly higher prevalence rate than the urban. 5 According to World Health Organization (WHO), COM is the neglected tropical diseases due to its higher prevalence in developing countries.…”