Chronic toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Daphnia magna under different feeding conditions

Mackevica, Aiga; Skjolding, Lars Michael; Gergs, André; Palmqvist, Annemette; Baun, Anders

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.01.023

Cited by 49 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The observed increase in size of citAgNP over time is in line with literature on agglomeration behavior of citAgNP in the presence of divalent cations and in OECD Daphnia medium (Baalousha et al, 2013;Tejamaya et al, 2012) and with previous results for this type of AgNP in Elendt M7 medium (Mackevica et al, 2015). For detAgNP in the same medium, colloidal instability and increasing agglomerate size as well as relatively stable small aggregates of about 60 nm size have been reported (Baumann et al, 2014b;Cupi et al, 2015;unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…In contrast to previous results with citAgNP 23 (Mackevica et al, 2015), animal size was not affected in the present study. However, the behavior of citAgNP differed between the studies, probably causing this difference in toxicity pattern.…”

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confidence: 56%

“…However, previous results with citAgNP (Mackevica et al, 2015) showed that differences in feeding regime resulted in a similar toxicity pattern, with lower toxicity at higher food concentrations. As we were mainly interested to compare the two differently stabilized AgNP, we consider the current study to still reflect the toxicity of the used AgNP in an adequate manner.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

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Behavior and chronic toxicity of two differently stabilized silver nanoparticles to Daphnia magna

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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confidence: 56%

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confidence: 64%

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Behavior and chronic toxicity of two differently stabilized silver nanoparticles to Daphnia magna

et al. 2016

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“…When analyzing the ECHA guidance on testing of nanomaterials and mirroring these up against the findings in EnvNano, it is clear that some of the findings of EnvNano have already been integrated in the suggested revisions of the nanospecific appendices [41, 60, 75; Sørensen et al 2015; 43] whereas others also contain information of relevance for the revisions [e.g., 14, 54, 70, 72–74]. There are several sections in the guidance that could and should be updated and/or made more detailed ranging from how specific OECD technical guidelines should be used to how to evaluate the reliability of the experimental data for use in chemical safety assessments.…”

Section: Main Findings Of the Envnano Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study of the acute and chronic toxicity of 30 nm citric acid stabilized Ag nanoparticles to Daphnia magna , Mackevica et al [54] studied how food availability influenced toxicity. The tests by Mackevica et al [54] were done according to the OECD Daphnia magna 21-day reproduction tests [57] and the experiments were carried out as static renewal tests with exposure concentrations from 10 to 50 μg Ag/L.…”

Section: Main Findings Of the Envnano Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revising REACH guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment for engineered nanomaterials for aquatic ecotoxicity endpoints: recommendations from the EnvNano project

et al. 2017

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The European Chemical Agency (ECHA) is in the process of revising its guidance documents on how to address the challenges of ecotoxicological testing of nanomaterials. In these revisions, outset is taken in the hypothesis that ecotoxicological test methods, developed for soluble chemicals, can be made applicable to nanomaterials. European Research Council project EnvNano—Environmental Effects and Risk Evaluation of Engineered, which ran from 2011 to 2016, took another outset by assuming that: “The behaviour of nanoparticles in suspension is fundamentally different from that of chemicals in solution”. The aim of this paper is to present the findings of the EnvNano project and through these provide the scientific background for specific recommendations on how ECHA guidance could be further improved. Key EnvNano findings such as the need to characterize dispersion and dissolution rates in stock and test media have partially been addressed in the updated guidance. However, it has to be made clear that multiple characterization methods have to be applied to describe state of dispersion and dissolution over time and for various test concentration. More detailed information is called for on the specific characterization methods and techniques available and their pros and cons. Based on findings in EnvNano, we recommend that existing algal tests are supplemented with tests where suspensions of nanomaterials are aged for 1–3 days for nanomaterials that dissolve in testing media. Likewise, for daphnia tests we suggest to supplement with tests where (a) exposure is shortened to a 3 h pulse exposure in daphnia toxicity tests with environmentally hazardous metal and metal oxide nanomaterials prone to dissolution; and (b) food abundance is three to five times higher than normal, respectively. We further suggest that the importance of considering the impact of shading in algal tests is made more detailed in the guidance and that it is specified that determination of uptake, depuration and trophic transfer of nanomaterials for each commercialized functionalization of the nanomaterials is required. Finally, as an outcome of the project a method for assessing the regulatory adequacy of ecotoxicological studies of nanomaterials is proposed.

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Genetic correlations and little genetic variance for reaction norms may limit potential for adaptation to pollution by ionic and nanoparticulate silver in a whitefish (Salmonidae)

Clark

Pompini

Uppal

et al. 2016

Ecology and Evolution

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For natural populations to adapt to anthropogenic threats, heritable variation must persist in tolerance traits. Silver nanoparticles, the most widely used engineered nanoparticles, are expected to increase in concentrations in freshwaters. Little is known about how these particles affect wild populations, and whether genetic variation persists in tolerance to permit rapid evolutionary responses. We sampled wild adult whitefish and crossed them in vitro full factorially. In total, 2896 singly raised embryos of 48 families were exposed to two concentrations (0.5 μg/L; 100 μg/L) of differently sized silver nanoparticles or ions (silver nitrate). These doses were not lethal; yet higher concentrations prompted embryos to hatch earlier and at a smaller size. The induced hatching did not vary with nanoparticle size and was stronger in the silver nitrate group. Additive genetic variation for hatching time was significant across all treatments, with no apparent environmental dependencies. No genetic variation was found for hatching plasticity. We found some treatment‐dependent heritable variation for larval length and yolk volume, and one instance of additive genetic variation for the reaction norm on length at hatching. Our assessment suggests that the effects of silver exposure on additive genetic variation vary according to trait and silver source. While the long‐term fitness consequences of low‐level silver exposure on whitefish embryos must be further investigated to determine whether it is, in fact, detrimental, our results suggest that the evolutionary potential for adaptation to these types of pollutants may be low.

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Chronic toxicity of silver nanoparticles to Daphnia magna under different feeding conditions

Cited by 49 publications

References 37 publications

Behavior and chronic toxicity of two differently stabilized silver nanoparticles to Daphnia magna

Behavior and chronic toxicity of two differently stabilized silver nanoparticles to Daphnia magna

Revising REACH guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment for engineered nanomaterials for aquatic ecotoxicity endpoints: recommendations from the EnvNano project

Genetic correlations and little genetic variance for reaction norms may limit potential for adaptation to pollution by ionic and nanoparticulate silver in a whitefish (Salmonidae)

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