Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid Resistance in Chrysanthemum

Nabeshima, Tomoyuki; Matsushita, Yosuke; Hosokawa, Munetaka

doi:10.3390/v10120719

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Other measures can be taken, such as obtaining viroid-free germplasm, removing sources of infectious materials and blocking viroid entry to the seedling production system by indexing phytosanitary programs supported by reliable diagnostic methods [8,31,43,44,45]. Moreover, strategies for managing stunt disease include natural or transgenic resistance [46,47,48], and anti-viroid agents [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveys in the Chrysanthemum Production Areas of Brazil and Colombia Reveal That Weeds Are Potential Reservoirs of Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid

Gobatto

Oliveira

Franco

et al. 2019

Viruses

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The stunting disease, incited by chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd), has become a serious problem in chrysanthemum production areas worldwide. Here we identified 46 weed species from chrysanthemum fields in two producing regions of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The mechanical inoculation of these weeds with a Brazilian CSVd isolate revealed that this viroid was able to infect 17 of these species, in addition to chrysanthemum, tomato and potato. Plants of Oxalis latifolia and chrysanthemum naturally infected with CSVd were found in chrysanthemum fields in Colombia, which is the first CSVd report in that country. Therefore, weeds have the potential to act as reservoirs of CSVd in the field. These results are the first reports of experimental CSVd infection in the following species: Amaranthus viridis, Cardamine bonariensis, Chamaesyce hirta, Conyza bonariensis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Gomphrena globosa, Helianthus annuus, Lupinus polyphyllus, Mirabilis jalapa, Oxalis latifolia, Portulaca oleracea and Catharanthus roseus. The phylogenetic analyses of the CSVd variants identified herein showed three groups with Brazilian CSVd variants distributed in them all, which suggests that Brazilian CSVd isolates may have different origins through successive introductions of infected germplasm of chrysanthemum in Brazil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveys in the Chrysanthemum Production Areas of Brazil and Colombia Reveal That Weeds Are Potential Reservoirs of Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid

Gobatto

Oliveira

Franco

et al. 2019

Viruses

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“…The only viroid resistance to render systemic viroid infection impossible, reported in cultivated crops is chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) resistance in chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum × morifolium), and this is the only example of multiple analyzes of viroid resistance (Nabeshima et al, 2018). Screening for CSVd resistance in 67 self-pollinated progenies of the chrysanthemum cultivar 'Utage', whose CSVd concentration increased slowly, found three plants exhibiting strong CSVd resistance.…”

Section: -1 Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroidmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the genetic analysis of CSVd resistance, it is difficult to analyze because chrysanthemums are the high-order polyploid species, and many aspects remain to be elucidated. When two susceptible cultivars 'Sei Elza' and 'Anri' were crossed as the pollen parents with the resistant cultivar 'Okayama Heiwa', which was the female parent, only a portion of the first filial generation (F1) plants demonstrated resistance to CSVd infection (Matsushita et al, 2012;Nabeshima et al, 2018). In addition, F1 populations generated by mating different CSVd-resistant cultivars involved CSVd-resistant and -susceptible plants (Torata et al, 2018).…”

Section: -1 Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance and Tolerance to Viroid Infection

Nakada¹,

Li²,

Shimmen³

2022

Preprint

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Viroids are known the smallest plant pathogens, and although their genome sequences do not encode proteins, they can cause disease in economically important crops. In order to control viroid diseases and mitigate their damage, genetic resources used for breeding of the viroid-resistant crop have been searched, but the practical resistant trait has not been found in almost all viroid-crop combinations, as well as the tolerant trait. Due to the difficulty in exploiting naturally occurring resistance or tolerance, various effective strategies have been devised to control viroid diseases using non-transforming or transforming techniques. Meanwhile, extensive findings related to viroid resistance and tolerance may lead to confer resistance or tolerance to viroid infection by combining with the recently emerged new technologies (e.g., spray-induced gene silencing and genome-editing technologies), which are believed to be more environmentally viable and acceptable to the general public than previously reported approaches. In particular, some genome-modified crops produced by the latter technology are already on the market. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the current status about investigation of naturally occurring genetic traits for viroid resistance and tolerance, accumulating knowledge about host factors involved in viroid pathogenicity, and various basic technologies developed to try to possible viroid disease control strategies. Furthermore, we discuss prospects and challenges for the achievement of more effective, practical, and sustainable disease control of viroid.

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“…To date, Chrysanthemum morifolium and chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) represent the only host–viroid pair for which several surveys on viroid resistance have been carried out [ 29 ]; however, the inheritance of CSVd resistance remains unclear. When the resistance cultivar ‘Okayama Heiwa’ was crossed as the female parent with two susceptible cultivars, ‘Sei Elza’ and ‘Anri’, which were the pollen parents, only a portion of the first filial generation (F1) plants demonstrated CSVd resistance [ 29 , 30 ]. For PSTVd, two lines of wild potatoes ( Solanum berthaultii ) were reported to be resistant to viroid sap inoculations [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance Even to Lethal Strain of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Found in Wild Tomato Species Can Be Introduced by Crossing

Nakada

Hataya

2021

Plants

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To date, natural resistance or tolerance, which can be introduced into crops by crossing, to potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) has not been reported. Additionally, responses to PSTVd infection in many wild tomato species, including some species that can be crossed with PSTVd-susceptible cultivated tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum var. lycoperaicum), have not been ascertained. The aim of this study was to evaluate responses to PSTVd infection including resistance and tolerance. Accordingly, we inoculated several cultivated and wild tomato species with intermediate and lethal strains of PSTVd. None of the host plants exhibited sufficient resistance to PSTVd to render systemic infection impossible; however, these plants displayed other responses, including tolerance. Further analysis of PSTVd accumulation revealed low accumulation of PSTVd in two wild species, exhibiting high tolerance, even to the lethal strain. Additionally, F1 hybrids generated by crossing a PSTVd-sensitive wild tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) with these wild relatives also exhibited tolerance to the lethal PSTVd strain, which is accompanied by low PSTVd accumulation during early infection. These results indicate that the tolerance toward PSTVd in wild species is a dominant trait and can be utilized for tomato breeding by crossing.

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Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid Resistance in Chrysanthemum

Cited by 7 publications

References 78 publications

Surveys in the Chrysanthemum Production Areas of Brazil and Colombia Reveal That Weeds Are Potential Reservoirs of Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid

Surveys in the Chrysanthemum Production Areas of Brazil and Colombia Reveal That Weeds Are Potential Reservoirs of Chrysanthemum Stunt Viroid

Resistance and Tolerance to Viroid Infection

Tolerance Even to Lethal Strain of Potato Spindle Tuber Viroid Found in Wild Tomato Species Can Be Introduced by Crossing

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