Cibersegurança em sistemas de automação em plantas de tratamento de água.

Abstract

Currently, information security is a constant concern of the several institutions and countries that use computing resources for communication and service offering purposes. Protection methods and countermeasures for traditional networks such as firewalls and intrusion detectors are known and ordinarily used. The same goes for control systems and data acquisition (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition -SCADA). In the beginning, such systems were based on mainframes and closed architecture, i.e., dependent on manufacturers and consequently isolated from other systems. Nowadays, the SCADA systems converge more and more to platforms based on open systems, with its architecture strongly relied on connectivity; thus, it is usual the interconnection of such systems with the corporate network and, in some cases, with Internet itself. From this issue, and with the current technology development in the information security area, a methodology is proposed to implement automation systems in water treatment plants with an emphasis on security, and focused on industrial systems, using automation safety rules ISA 99. The purpose of this essay is, in brief, to study safety rules, methods and methodologies for industrial systems with a focus on water treatment, and to propose a methodology directed to the minimization of safety hazards. For that purpose, it is proposed the evaluation of three water treatment real scenarios so that it is possible to simulate criticality parameters identified in the flow chart and stages of the water treatment. Therefore, a scenario connected to PLC was developed, allowing the simulation of the behavior and the impacts, in addition to an event detector for the result analysis.

Conforto Térmico Nas Edificações: Materiais E Técnicas Construtivas. Um Estudo Comparativo Entre a Cidade De Ouro Preto - Brasil E Porto - Portugal

“…Photon-counting measurements of the seeds samples were performed using a especially designed apparatus presented by Bertogna et al [10], provided with a dark chamber, photomultiplier module with low dark count noise and a virtual instrumentation to transfer the acquired UWPE data to a personal computer. Dark noise of the dark chamber was evaluated, resulting an average noise was 163 photons/10s.…”

“…Com o aumento do número de computadores têm surgido ameaças de segurança e várias modalidades de crimes digitais, tornando os aspectos de segurança importante [10]. Um dos tipos de ameaça são as botnets.…”

“…The ultra-weak photon emission (UWPE), also known as ultra-weak bioluminescence and biophoton emission, among other terms, is a phenomenon present in all living organisms, associated to the biological metabolism, being characterized as a permanent light emission ranging from the ultraviolet to nearinfrared, and having intensities from tens to hundreds photons.cm -2 .s -1 [7,8]. In order to detect and acquire UWPE data an especially designed apparatus capable of doing photon counting, and based on low dark-noise photomultiplier module, must be designed and assembled [9,10]. UWPE measurements of seeds samples have been studied and used to evaluate germination parameters by many research groups around the world [11,12,13,14,15,16].…”

Ecoeficiencia en El Manejo De Residuos Sólidos en Instituciones Educativas: Caso De Estudio en Fcitec

“…The ultra-weak photon emission (UWPE), also known as ultra-weak bioluminescence and biophoton emission, among other terms, is a phenomenon present in all living organisms, associated to the biological metabolism, being characterized as a permanent light emission ranging from the ultraviolet to nearinfrared, and having intensities from tens to hundreds photons.cm -2 .s -1 [7,8]. In order to detect and acquire UWPE data an especially designed apparatus capable of doing photon counting, and based on low dark-noise photomultiplier module, must be designed and assembled [9,10]. UWPE measurements of seeds samples have been studied and used to evaluate germination parameters by many research groups around the world [11,12,13,14,15,16].…”

Transformação digital na indústria: indústria 4.0 e a rede de água inteligente no Brasil.

“…3) Novas Plataformas em Cloud para suporte ao processo de ensino- Catalunya; a esses dados são associados os de Azevedo (2010). Os dados são compostos com medições diárias realizadas por sensores durante quase um ano e meio, cujo objetivo é prever falhas diversas por meio do estado das variáveis envolvidas.…”