Cigarette smoke and the hormonal receptors status in breast cancer

Ranocchia, D.; Minelli, Liliana; Modolo, Maria Antonia

doi:10.1007/bf00145005

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Smokers’ risks of complications from treatment of breast cancer are also higher (35–37). Here again, there are studies that have come to different conclusions about the characteristics of breast cancers in smokers (24,38–40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Smoking is Associated with Younger Age at Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Abramowitz

Morrow

et al. 2010

The Breast Journal

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Smoking tobacco has been associated with incidence, response and outcomes after treatment of some cancers. We hypothesized that tobacco use could result in an observable effect on breast cancer stage and characteristics at diagnosis. There were 6,000 patients with Tis-4, N0-3 breast cancers who presented to a comprehensive cancer center at initial diagnosis between 1970 and 2006. Patients were included who had a known smoking history, and subdivided into any tobacco use 2683 (45%) or never tobacco use 3317 (55%). Analyses were performed to evaluate the association of smoking with clinical, pathologic and treatment-related factors at cancer presentation. Median age at diagnosis for all breast cancers was 55 years, for nonsmokers was 56 years, for any smoking history was 55 years, and the subgroup of current smokers was 52 years. The difference in median age for current smokers versus nonsmokers was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The probability of age <55 years at breast cancer diagnosis for any smoking history compared to nonsmokers was 1.2 for white patients (p < 0.0003) but 0.81 for black patients (p = 0.25). There was no statistically significant association between smoking and T stage, N stage, ER/PR status, or Her-2/neu status, although smokers were less likely to utilize breast-conserving treatment. Smoking was associated with a younger age at diagnosis and lower utilization of breast conservation, and observed in the subgroup of white patients but not black patients. Further efforts to clarify potential reasons for any racial differences and lower utilization of breast conservation with smoking are warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Smoking is Associated with Younger Age at Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Abramowitz

Morrow

et al. 2010

The Breast Journal

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“…Daniell (1984) reported that prevalence of ER Ϫ breast cancer was larger in smokers (61%) compared to non-smokers (32%; OR 3.2 95% CI 1.3-8.6, p Ͻ 0.02). In an Italian series of 188 cases, there was no association between ER status and smoking (Ranocchia et al, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation of smoking to breast cancer by estrogen receptor status

et al. 1998

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It has been suggested that smoking is associated with estrogen‐negative breast cancer but not with estrogen‐positive breast cancer. A population‐based case‐control study was conducted in Geneva, Switzerland, to determine the relation of passive and active smoking to breast cancer when the referent unexposed category consisted of women unexposed to active and passive smoke. The 242 patients with breast cancer (cases), in whom estrogen receptor (ER) status was determined on biopsy material, were compared with 1,059 women free of breast cancer (controls). Lifetime history of active and passive smoking was recorded year by year, between age 10 and the date of interview. Prevalence rates of ER+ tumors were 74.7% in pre‐menopausal women and 74.2% in post‐menopausal women. Post‐menopausal active smokers had a lower prevalence of ER+ tumors (70.0%, p = ns). Among pre‐menopausal women, the age‐adjusted ORs of breast cancer with having smoked an average of ≥20 cigarettes per day (cpd) during lifetime were 2.7 for ER− tumors and 2.6 for ER+ tumors. Among post‐menopausal women, corresponding ORs were 5.7 for ER− tumors and 2.4 for ER+ tumors. Smoking was related to both ER− and ER+ breast cancer in pre‐ and post‐menopausal women, but the strength of the association appeared to be greater for ER− tumors among post‐menopausal women. Int. J. Cancer 75:339–342, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Smoking (active and passive) and breast cancer: Epidemiologic evidence up to June 2001

Morabia¹

2002

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The first generation of studies evaluating the association between exposure to tobacco smoke and breast cancer merely compared active to nonactive smokers, with varying degrees of detail in the definition of active smoking. With rare exceptions, studies of this kind failed to show an effect of smoking on breast cancer risk. However, such analysis is probably insufficient. The most recent reports on the smoking-breast cancer connection have two characteristics. Some have separated women exposed to passive smoking from those nonexposed to either active or passive smoke. Other reports have focused on factors that modify the effect of smoking on breast cancer incidence, such as genetic markers or hormone receptors. A minority of reports combines these two characteristics. This review addresses the epidemiologic evidence for a link between smoking and breast cancer and discusses the implications of this evidence for future studies. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 39: 89 -95, 2002.

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Cigarette smoke and the hormonal receptors status in breast cancer

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

History of Smoking is Associated with Younger Age at Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

History of Smoking is Associated with Younger Age at Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

Relation of smoking to breast cancer by estrogen receptor status

Smoking (active and passive) and breast cancer: Epidemiologic evidence up to June 2001

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