Cigarette Smoking and its Association with Overlapping Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Functional Dyspepsia, or Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Fujiwara, Yasuhiro; Kubo, Michiko; Kohata, Yukie; Machida, Hirohisa; Okazaki, Hirotoshi; Yamagami, Hirokazu; Tanigawa, Tetsuya; Watanabe, Kenji; Watanabe, Toshio; Tominaga, Kazunari; Arakawa, Tetsuo

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.50.6012

Cited by 73 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The percentage of cigarette smokers 52.9% was significantly associated with IBS and this agrees with the study done in Japan by Fujiwara [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome over Diagnosed in Duhok City Community-Iraq?

Haj¹,

Barwari²

2012

UCMS

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Abstract:The symptoms of IBS are common in community, there are overwhelming numbers of Diagnosed cases of IBS in Duhok Governorate, and frequently many cases appears to have been misdiagnosed. This study is through light on the very update methods of diagnosing IBS, its pathophysiology with the most update treatment. All diagnosed cases of IBS for more than three months, both in azadi General Hospital Out Patient Department and Private clinics are re-evaluated for the possibility of misdiagnosis and all were fully investigated for all differential diagnosis and according to its clinical presentation by most recent methods available for each disease. The aim of this study is to: (1) Know the prevalence of IBS in Dohuk Governorate and to be compared with studies done in other localities in different countries. (2) Differentiate between patients who are really IBS from those due to other causes and wrongly diagnosed as IBS. (3) Stimulate other doctors to investigate all suspected cases and not to depend merely on clinical presentation. The results shows that most cases are diagnosed according to clinical presentation which is important but not enough at all and the diseases should be diagnosed after excluding all diseases with similar presentation and not to miss any treatable conditions. The total number of the IBS patients were 529 (76.01%), while the number of the patients that misdiagnosed as IBS were 167 (23.99%) due to other causes that needed investigations. The differences among IBS, sex, and other causes were significant at (p < 0.095). The percentage of cigarette smokers 52.9% was significantly associated with IBS The study shows high percentage of misdiagnosed treatable cases.

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“…The percentage of cigarette smokers 52.9% was significantly associated with IBS and this agrees with the study done in Japan by Fujiwara [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome over Diagnosed in Duhok City Community-Iraq?

Haj¹,

Barwari²

2012

UCMS

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“…Known and presumed risk factors for developing func tional dyspepsia are gastrointestinal infections and traveller's diarrhoea 25 , antibiotic use 26 , intake of NSAIDs 27 , childhood abuse 28 , early environ mental microbial exposure 29 and other early life factors 30 , smoking 31 , overweight and obesity 32 and perceived stress 33 as well as psycho social states and traits (for example, anxiety and depression; see Psychosocial factors and brain mech anisms, below). Women have an overall higher prob ability of developing functional dyspepsia compared with men 34 , including post-infectious functional dys pepsia 35 .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most widely used generic measure, the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) 222 , assesses eight dimensions of health: physical functioning, social functioning, Nature Reviews | Disease Primers Fatty foods , milk and dairy Alcohol , coffee Red meat Carbonated drinks Vegetables Spicy foods Carbohydrates and wheat (37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53) Citrus (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46) Figure 5 | Foods and food groups frequently associated with symptom induction or exacerbation in functional dyspepsia. Offending foods reported by patients with functional dyspepsia include fatty food (for example, fried food [179][180][181]187,191 ), alcohol 179,180 , dairy products 179,181 , coffee [179]…”

Section: Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Functional dyspepsia

Enck¹,

Azpiroz

Boeckxstaens

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Dis Primers

260

247

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| Functional dyspepsia is one of the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorders. Functional dyspepsia comprises three subtypes with presumed different pathophysiology and aetiology: postprandial distress syndrome (PDS), epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and a subtype with overlapping PDS and EPS features. Functional dyspepsia symptoms can be caused by disturbed gastric motility (for example, inadequate fundic accommodation or delayed gastric emptying), gastric sensation (for example, sensations associated with hypersensitivity to gas and bloating) or gastric and duodenal inflammation. A genetic predisposition is probable but less evident than in other functional gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Psychiatric comorbidity and psychopathological state and trait characteristics could also play a part, although they are not specific to functional dyspepsia and are less pronounced than in IBS. Possible differential diagnoses include Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulceration. Pharmacological therapy is mostly based on the subtype of functional dyspepsia, such as prokinetic and fundus-relaxing drugs for PDS and acid-suppressive drugs for EPS, whereas centrally active neuromodulators and herbal drugs play a minor part. Psychotherapy is effective only in a small subset of patients, whereas quality of life can be severely affected in nearly all patients. Future therapies might include novel compounds that attempt to treat the underlying gastric and duodenal inflammation. NATURE REVIEWS | DISEASE PRIMERS VOLUME 3 | ARTICLE NUMBER 17081 | 1 PRIMER © 2 0 1 7 M a c m i l l a n P u b l i s h e r s L i m i t e d , p a r t o f S p r i n g e r N a t u r e . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .standard therapy for gastro -oesophageal reflux disease. Paediatric dyspeptic symptoms are being addressed in a separate classification effort 10 . This Primer covers functional dyspepsia in adults only, although we sporadically refer to paediatric functional dyspepsia when similarities exist. EpidemiologyThe population prevalence of functional dyspepsia is quite variable across the globe, with overall high numbers (10-40%) in Western countries and low numbers (5-30%) in Asia, independent of the respective functional dyspepsia definitions 11 . A large-scale health and nutrition survey from France 12 (which involved >35,000 people) identified that 15% of individuals had suspected functional dyspepsia, 28% had irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and 6% had both. The population of patients who are affected by both IBS and functional dyspepsia has been reported to range between 10% and 27% in previous studies 13 and to approach 30% in popu lation samples; it could be even higher in specific populations 14,15 . This observation has given rise to the term 'overlap syndrome' (REF. 13), which calls into question the sensitivity and specificity of the Rome criteria, at least for IBS and functional dyspepsia. This argument is also supported by the observation that patients with functional dyspepsia m...

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“…Smoking has also been described as a risk factor for developing post-infectious functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) [27], and for overlapping syndromes between reflux diseases and FGID [28]. Although an intense research to find out the aetiology to IBS and other functional bowel diseases have been conducted the last decades, very few studies have investigated the effect of smoking on functional disorders.…”

Section: Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhoea is not the only symptom that needs to be treated in patients with microscopic colitis

Roth¹,

Bengtsson²,

Ohlsson³

2013

European Journal of Internal Medicine

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Diarrhoea is not the only symptom that needs to be treated in patients with microscopic colitis. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Roth, B., Bengtsson, M., & Ohlsson, B. (2013). Diarrhoea is not the only symptom that needs to be treated in patients with microscopic colitis. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 24(6), 573-578. DOI: 10.1016573-578. DOI: 10. /j.ejim.2013 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal

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Cigarette Smoking and its Association with Overlapping Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Functional Dyspepsia, or Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Cited by 73 publications

References 30 publications

Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome over Diagnosed in Duhok City Community-Iraq?

Is Irritable Bowel Syndrome over Diagnosed in Duhok City Community-Iraq?

Functional dyspepsia

Diarrhoea is not the only symptom that needs to be treated in patients with microscopic colitis

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