Ciguatera Fish Poisoning, Canary Islands

Pérez-Arellano, José Luís; Luzardo, Octavio P.; Brito, Ana Pérez; Cabrera, Michele Hernández; Zumbado, Manuel; Carranza, Cristina; Ángel-Moreno, Alfonso; Dickey, Robert; Boada, Luís D.

doi:10.3201/eid1112.050393

Cited by 121 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…-Lack of standardized CTX material for LC-MS/MS confirmation, i.e., C-Ctx, P-Ctx and I-Ctx, as well as the lack of rapid detection methodologies. As testimony of this global distribution and trade of finfish, the presence of C-CTX-1, as well as P-CTX-1 was confirmed as follow-up analytical confirmations after CFP incidents in Europe (Gouveia et al, 2009;Otero et al, 2010b;Perez-Arellano et al, 2005) or as was recently the case in New York, where intoxications took place following consumption of C-Ctx contaminated barracuda (Graber et al, 2013). Also, in Germany, the first outbreak of ciguatoxin poisoning after eating fish was confirmed recently by analytical methods (BfR, 2013).…”

Section: Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (Cfp)mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…can be found in the Mediterranean (Aligizaki and Nikolaidis, 2008;Aligizaki et al, 2008;Bentur and Spanier, 2007). Ctxs also have been identified in the Atlantic islands west of Africa (Boada et al, 2010;Gouveia et al, 2009;Nunez et al, 2012;Otero et al, 2010b;Perez-Arellano et al, 2005).…”

Section: Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (Cfp) Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, P-Ctx-1 was thought to be more toxic than C-Ctx-1 (FAO, 2004). However, recent C-Ctx induced CFP cases corresponding to 0.6, 1.0, 1.1, 1.9, and 20 µg C-Ctx-1equiv./kg fish, suggested that CFP by C-Ctx can be induced within a similar concentration range as P-Ctx-1 (CDC, 2009;Perez-Arellano et al, 2005;Poli et al, 1997). However, the above values where determined by various analytical and biochemical assays, thus making determination of a more reliable concentration range and thus threshold for the onset of CFP symptoms difficult.…”

Section: Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (Dsp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A roadmap for hazard monitoring and risk assessment of marine biotoxins on the basis of chemical and biological test systems

Daneshian

2013

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Summary Aquatic food accounts for over 40% of global animal food products, and the potential contamination with toxins of algal origin -marine biotoxins -poses a health threat for consumers. The gold standards to assess toxins in aquatic food have traditionally been in vivo methodssingle marine biotoxins or combinations of marine biotoxins and intoxication symptomatology as well as monitoring the "success" of controls implemented during fishery and aquaculture production, processing, and retailing. For this reason, a workshop was organized in ermatingen, Switzerland by the Center for Alternatives to Animal testing -europe (CAAteurope) within the framework of the transatlantic think tank for toxicology (t 4 ).In contrast to other food products where hygiene and potential contamination with microbes or mold toxins is the prime issue, the emphasis in aquatic products (shellfish and finfish) is, beyond viral and bacterial contaminations, primarily placed on potential contamination with marine biotoxins owing to the numerous and recurring human intoxications.The gold standards to assess toxins in aquatic food have traditionally been in vivo methods, i.e., the mouse and the rat bioassays. Besides the ethical issues of in vivo bioassays there are specific difficulties, e.g., different exposure route (i.p. versus oral), low inter-species comparability, high intra-species variability, and questionable extrapolation of quantitative risk to humans, thus highlighting the need for the development of more reliable detection and quantification methods. Based on this reasoning, the european Food Safety Authority (eFSA) advocates the use of an analytical method, i.e., LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography coupled Mass Spectrometry), as a substitute for in vivo bioassays for almost all classes of marine toxins. However, although lC-MS is a very sensitive method that has the advantages of being able to detect multiple toxins in a single analysis and being good for confirming the identity of toxins, the quality of quantitative analysis is dependent on the availability of calibration standards. While many new toxin structural analogues have been detected and identified using LC-MS, this technique -as with most other methods -is not good at detecting new toxin types. When new toxin analogues are detected but accurate standards are not yet available, only an approximate quantitation is possible using estimated response factors.For the purpose of risk assessment of food, however, it is imperative to focus on the possible adverse effects, independent of whether they stem from one toxin or a combination of toxins. As toxicity is defined by functional and structural changes of biological systems, the development of a human-relevant in vitro system for appropriate risk assessment of marine biotoxins in seafood stands to reason. Moreover, poor correlation of human intoxications, of acute symptomatology and long-term adverse effects, and of predictive in vitro, in vivo, and analytical detection methodologies of marine biotoxins stems not least from a...

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Section: Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (Cfp)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (Cfp) Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (Dsp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A roadmap for hazard monitoring and risk assessment of marine biotoxins on the basis of chemical and biological test systems

Daneshian

2013

ALTEX

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“…In 2004, the first outbreak of CFP in the Canary Islands archipelago was documented: 5 individuals were intoxicated by a long fin yellow tail (Seriola rivoliana) of 26 Kg captured by sport fishing along the East of Canary Islands [21]. In the same year, Gambierdiscus spp.…”

Section: Ciguatera In Macaronesia Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2008, the second outbreak occurred in Tenerife (West Island of this archipelago) affecting to 25 individuals that bought an amberjack of 37 Kg in a local market. In 2009, other outbreak was documented in the archipelago affecting to 9 individuals from Tenerife and Gran Canaria that consumed greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) captured by sport fishing [17,21] with confirmation of the presence of Caribbean CTX type I.…”

Section: Ciguatera In Macaronesia Areamentioning

confidence: 99%