Cinnamon – Differentiation of Four Species by Linking Classical Botany to an Automated Chromatographic Authentication System

Ford, Paul W.; Tucker, Arthur O.; Sasser, Myron; Jackoway, Gary; Albornoz, Gerardo; Grypa, R; Pratt, Jonna L; Cardellina, John H.

doi:10.5740/jaoacint.18-0343

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The extracted fatty acids were characterized into different microbial communities using the MIDI Sherlock Software system (Ford et al., 2019). The Sherlock PLFA Analysis Software assigns the fatty acids, determined using a gas chromatograph, into different functional groups, and the abundances of microbial types were determined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ and N₂O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

et al. 2021

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Although salinity and sodicity are worldwide problems, information on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from agricultural salt-affected soils is scarce. The CO 2 -C and N 2 O-N emissions were quantified from three zones intertwined within a single U.S.northern Great Plains field: a highly productive zone (electrical conductivity with 1:1 soil/water mass ratio [EC 1:1 ] = 0.4 dS m -1 ; sodium adsorption ratio [SAR] = 1.8), a transition zone (moderately salt-affected; EC 1:1 = 1.6 dS m -1 ; SAR = 4.99), and a saline/sodic zone (EC 1:1 = 3.9 dS m -1 ; SAR = 22). In each zone, emissions were measured every 4 h for 7 d in four randomly placed chambers that were treated with two N rates (0 and 224 kg N ha -1 ). The experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019 during similar seasonal periods. Soil samples taken from treatments after GHG measurement were analyzed for soil inorganic N, and microbial biomass from different communities was quantified using phospholipid fatty acid analysis. Realtime polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the number of copies of some specific denitrification functional genes. The productive zone had the highest CO 2 -C, the lowest N 2 O-N emissions, and the greatest microbial biomass, whereas the saline/sodic zone had the lowest CO 2 -C, the highest N 2 O-N emissions, and the lowest microbial biomass. Within a zone, urea application did not influence CO 2 -C emissions; however, N 2 O-N emissions from the urea-treated saline/sodic zone were 84 and 57% higher than from the urea-treated productive zone in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The copy number of the nitrite reductase gene, nirS, was 42-fold higher in the saline/sodic zone than in the productive soil, suggesting that the saline/sodic soil had a high potential for denitrification. These findings suggest N 2 O-N emissions could be reduced by not applying N to saline/sodic zones.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO₂ and N₂O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

et al. 2021

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“…Extracts were analyzed using a Shimadzu GC‐2010 Plus gas chromatograph (Shimadzu Corporation, Japan) using a flame ionization detector. The gas chromatograph was calibrated using a standard before and after each of the 11 samples, and the MIDI Sherlock Software (MIDI) system (Ford et al., 2019) characterized the extracted fatty acids into different microbial communities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants reduced nitrous oxide emissions from a Northern Great Plains saline/sodic soil

Clay,

Nleya,

Clay

et al. 2024

Agronomy Journal

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The slowly establishing salt‐tolerant perennial grasses reduced nitrous oxide (N2O‐N) emissions from saline/sodic soil compared to barren areas. Other salt‐tolerant species may accelerate vegetative establishment and reduce N2O‐N emissions. In a greenhouse study, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Florida broadleaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.), and Kernza intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey] were grown for 63 days to compare shoot biomass and chemical composition, N2O‐N emissions, and the soil microbiome between saline/sodic and productive (non‐salt impacted) soils. Emissions were measured six times daily from 1 to 22 and 42 to 63 days after planting (DAP). Shoot and soil microbial biomass and communities were quantified 63 DAP. N2O‐N emissions were 87% greater from no‐plant saline/sodic than no‐plant productive soil (p < 0.05). N2O‐N emissions were reduced from planted treatments soon after plant emergence. N2O‐N emissions reductions from saline/sodic soil during the first 22 DAP were 84%, 76%, and 61% for barley, mustard, and Kernza, respectively. Barley had the greatest shoot biomass and impact on the soil microbial community, increasing the fungi to bacteria ratio from 0.063 to 0.094 in the productive soil and from 0.056 to 0.076 in the saline/sodic soil. Plant‐induced changes to the soil microbiome, and decreased soil inorganic N and water, contributed to N2O‐N emission reductions. Archived field samples from grass‐established saline/sodic soil areas had a fourfold increase in nos‐Z gene copy number compared to no‐plant controls, which may, in part, explain decreased N2O‐N emissions. Establishing these vigorous species may aid in restoring multiple ecosystem services to saline/sodic areas.

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“…Specifically, at the phytochemical level, significant differences in the content of polyphenols and volatile phenols have been observed among various genotypes [1]. Moreover, the secondary metabolites profile also depends on plant growth conditions and the associated environmental pressures [2,3]. Among the most interesting compounds of bioactive Cinnamomum accessions, there are vanillic acid, caffeic acid, gallic acid, pcoumaric acid, ferulic acid, proanthocyanidins A and B, kaempferol, cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde, which exhibit several human beneficial effects, such as neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and gastroprotective [1,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) Bark Extract after In Vitro Digestion Simulation

Pagliari

Forcella

Lonati

et al. 2023

Foods

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Cinnamon bark is widely used for its organoleptic features in the food context and growing evidence supports its beneficial effect on human health. The market offers an increasingly wide range of food products and supplements enriched with cinnamon extracts which are eliciting beneficial and health-promoting properties. Specifically, the extract of Cinnamomum spp. is rich in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer biomolecules. These include widely reported cinnamic acid and some phenolic compounds, such asproanthocyanidins A and B, and kaempferol. These molecules are sensitive to physical-chemical properties (such as pH and temperature) and biological agents that act during gastric digestion, which could impair molecules’ bioactivity. Therefore, in this study, the cinnamon’s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivity after simulated digestion was evaluated by analyzing the chemical profile of the pure extract and digested one, as well as the cellular effect in vitro models, such as Caco2 and intestinal barrier. The results showed that the digestive process reduces the total content of polyphenols, especially tannins, while preserving other bioactive compounds such as cinnamic acid. At the functional level, the digested extract maintains an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect at the cellular level.

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Cinnamon – Differentiation of Four Species by Linking Classical Botany to an Automated Chromatographic Authentication System

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

CO₂ and N₂O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

CO₂ and N₂O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

Plants reduced nitrous oxide emissions from a Northern Great Plains saline/sodic soil

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) Bark Extract after In Vitro Digestion Simulation

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Cinnamon – Differentiation of Four Species by Linking Classical Botany to an Automated Chromatographic Authentication System

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

CO2 and N2O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

CO2 and N2O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

Plants reduced nitrous oxide emissions from a Northern Great Plains saline/sodic soil

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J. Presl) Bark Extract after In Vitro Digestion Simulation

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Product

Resources

About

CO₂ and N₂O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils

CO₂ and N₂O emissions and microbial community structure from fields that include salt‐affected soils