Cinnamon Extract and Probiotic Supplementation Alleviate Copper-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cin) and probiotic against CuSO4-induced nephrotoxicity in broiler chickens. One-day-old Cobb chicks were assigned into seven groups (15 birds/group): control group, fed basal diet; Cin group, fed the basal diet mixed with Cin (200 mg/kg); PR group, receiving PR (1 g/4 L water); Cu group, fed the basal diets mixed with CuSO4 (300 mg/kg); Cu + Cin group; Cu + PR group; and Cu + Cin + PR group. All treatments were given daily for 6 weeks. Treatment of Cu-intoxicated chickens with Cin and/or PR reduced (p < 0.05) Cu contents in renal tissues and serum levels of urea, creatinine, and uric acid compared to the Cu group. Moreover, Cin and PR treatment decreased lipid peroxidation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in chickens’ kidney. Additionally, significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-2) and Bax, and in cyclooxygenase (COX-II) enzyme expression, and significant elevation (p < 0.05) in mRNA expression of IL-10 and Bcl-2 were observed in kidneys of Cu + Cin, Cu + PR, and Cu + Cin + PR groups compared to Cu group. Conclusively, Cin and/or PR afford considerable renal protection against Cu-induced nephrotoxicity in chickens.

Effects of Dietary Macleaya cordata Extract on Growth Performance, Biochemical Indices, and Intestinal Microbiota of Yellow-Feathered Broilers Subjected to Chronic Heat Stress

“…Biochemical indices in blood reflect the health and metabolic status of animals. Creatinine and uric acid are nitrogenous and proteinaceous end products of catabolic processes excreted by the kidneys and are reliable indicators of renal function [ 47 ]. When the kidneys are damaged, the levels of creatinine and uric acid in the blood rise significantly [ 48 ].…”

Selenium-enriched yeast modulates the metal bioaccumulation, oxidant status, and inflammation in copper-stressed broiler chickens

“…Former studies showed that hepatic Cu retention increased with dietary Cu supplementation (Kim and Kil, 2015;Wu et al, 2020). Another study employed in chickens indicated that the amount of Cu in the kidney increased somewhat as the amount of time exposed to Cu increased (Elazab et al, 2021). Interestingly, the supplementation with SeY conferred a significant antagonistic action against hepatorenal Cu accumulation in chicken.…”

“…Since the kidney is the leading platform for the excretion of Cu, the renal tubules are vulnerable to Cu harm (Elazab et al, 2021). The analysis of renal function tests unveiled momentous upsurges in serum levels of urea and creatinine in CuSO 4intoxicated birds.…”

“…Likewise, dietary supplementation of inorganic Cu at a dose of 150 mg/kg significantly decreased liver and meat lipids, cholesterol, plasma lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol, beside increasing plasma AST and ALT in exposed ducks (Attia et al, 2012). Further, Cuintoxicated chickens had higher serum levels of urea, creatinine, and uric acid in comparison with the control group (Elazab et al, 2021). The deleterious effects of Cu are associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation that surpasses the antioxidant defense system (Liu et al, 2018a).…”

Effects of Dietary Tributyrin on Growth Performance, Biochemical Indices, and Intestinal Microbiota of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

“…Blood biochemical indices usually reflect the physiological and metabolic status of animals. Creatinine, urea, and uric acid are widely acknowledged as reliable indicators for kidney function, as they are nitrogenous and protein end products of a catabolic process that are generally excreted by the kidney [ 36 ]. Elevated concentration of these plasma indices indicate kidney damage while decreasing their concentration helps to reduce the development of kidney disease [ 37 ].…”