Cinnamon Supplementation Does Not Improve Glycemic Control in Postmenopausal Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Vanschoonbeek, Kristof; Thomassen, Bregje J.W.; Senden, Joan M.; Wodzig, Will K. W. H.; Loon, Luc J.C. van

doi:10.1093/jn/136.4.977

Cited by 208 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Because 90 days is less than the full 120-day lifespan of red blood cells, perhaps this shorter duration contributed to a false-negative result. However, we believe that 90 days is a sufficient time in which to demonstrate an effect and also point out that these results are consistent with other recent observations (8,10).…”

Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of Cinnamon on A1C Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVE -The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cinnamon on glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Using a prospective, double-blind, placebocontrolled design, 72 adolescent type 1 diabetic subjects were treated in an outpatient setting with cinnamon (1 g/day) or an equivalent-appearing placebo for 90 days. A1C, total daily insulin intake, and adverse events were recorded and compared between groups.RESULTS -There were no significant differences in final A1C (8.8 vs. 8.7, P ϭ 0.88), change in A1C (0.3 vs. 0.0, P ϭ 0.13), total daily insulin intake, or number of hypoglycemic episodes between the cinnamon and placebo arms.CONCLUSIONS -Cinnamon is not effective for improving glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care 30:813-816, 2007

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Section: Statistical Analysessupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of Cinnamon on A1C Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

et al. 2007

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“…These trials have a variety of shortcomings: they generally studied well-controlled patients with type 2 diabetes 7,8,10 ; some only measured fasting glucose 6 ; some measured HbA1C after as little as 30 days' time 7 ; some had narrow age, sex, or racial limits to their study populations 6 -9 ; all excluded insulin use and comorbid conditions; and none allowed medication changes. Only one included a power analysis.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknesses In Relation To Other Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Cinnamon for Lowering Hemoglobin A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

Crawford¹

2009

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

216

173

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Purpose: Multiple trials in the past have shown conflicting results of whether cinnamon lowers glucose or hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C). The purpose of this study was to determine whether cinnamon lowers HbA1C in patients with type 2 diabetes. I performed a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate whether daily cinnamon plus usual care versus usual care alone lowers HbA1c.Methods: I randomized 109 type 2 diabetics (HbA1C >7.0) from 3 primary care clinics caring for pediatric, adult, and geriatric patients at a United States military base. Participants were randomly allocated to either usual care with management changes by their primary care physician or usual care with management changes plus cinnamon capsules, 1g daily for 90 days. HbA1c was drawn at baseline and 90 days and compared with intention-to-treat analysis. This study was approved by an institutional review board.Results As the worldwide incidence of diabetes increases, the search for dietary adjuncts to treat this lifealtering disease has become far ranging. Cinnamon is purported to be a natural insulin sensitizer, with adverse events of perioral dermatitis and stomatitis reported uncommonly with high intake.1 Both in vitro and in vivo animal studies have shown that cinnamon is an insulin sensitizer. found that polyphenols from cinnamon inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products in bovine serum albumin. To date, 5 randomized trials studying cinnamon in humans with type 2 diabetes have been published, with conflicting results. 6 -10 The results of these studies are mixed, and it is unclear whether any of them were conducted among primary care populations. Two of these studies showed a possible effect of cinnamon on fasting serum glucose, but they did not examine hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) levels. One study showed no effect on plasma glucose. Two studies-one each done with patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes-showed no effect of cinnamon on HbA1C (Table 1). A meta-analysis of these studies in divergent populations measuring different parameters showed no effect of cinnamon on HbA1C, glucose, or lipids. 11This trial strove to replicate the conditions found in primary care, where patients often have medication changes, comorbid conditions, and dietary changes. As such, it was not an efficacy trial with every variable controlled. It attempted to determine whether the intervention of taking cinnamon lowers HbA1C. Effectiveness trials such as this are critical in determining if the interventions This article was externally peer reviewed.

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“…The first study recruited 25 postmenopausal type 2 diabetic patients [76]. The participants received either a supplement of 1.5 g cinnamon or placebo daily for 6 weeks.…”

Section: Cinnamonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is very strong scientific evidence supporting the hypoglycemic activity of cinnamon in type 2 diabetic patients. However, cinnamon provides limited benefits in lowering blood glucose levels in certain subject populations including type 1 diabetic [77] and postmenopausal type 2 diabetic patients [76]. In addition, the difference in ethnic background may explain the negative result in one trial with type 2 diabetic patients [78].…”

Section: Current and Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Hypoglycemic Effects of Five Commonly Used Herbal Food Supplements

Deng¹

2012

FNA

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Hyperglycemia is a pathological condition associated with prediabetes and diabetes. The incidence of prediabetes and diabetes is increasing and imposes great burden on healthcare worldwide. Patients with prediabetes and diabetes have significantly increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and other complications. Currently, management of hyperglycemia includes pharmacological interventions, physical exercise, and change of life style and diet. Food supplements have increasingly become attractive alternatives to prevent or treat hyperglycemia, especially for subjects with mild hyperglycemia. This review summarized current patents and patent applications with relevant literature on five commonly used food supplements with claims of hypoglycemic effects, including emblica officinalis (gooseberry), fenugreek, green tea, momordica charantia (bitter melon) and cinnamon. The data from human clinical studies did not support a recommendation for all five supplements to manage hyperglycemia. Fenugreek and composite supplements containing emblica officinalis showed the most consistency in lowering fasting blood sugar (FBS) or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in diabetic patients. The hypoglycemic effects of cinnamon and momordica charantia were demonstrated in most of the trials with some exceptions. However, green tea exhibited limited benefits in reducing FBS or HbA1c levels and should not be recommended for managing hyperglycemia. Certain limitations are noticed in a considerable number of clinical studies including small sample size, poor experimental design and considerable variations in participant population, preparation format, daily dose, and treatment duration. Future studies with more defined participants, standardized preparation and dose, and improved trial design and size are warranted.

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Cinnamon Supplementation Does Not Improve Glycemic Control in Postmenopausal Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Cited by 208 publications

References 18 publications

The Effect of Cinnamon on A1C Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

The Effect of Cinnamon on A1C Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes

Effectiveness of Cinnamon for Lowering Hemoglobin A1C in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Controlled Trial

A Review of the Hypoglycemic Effects of Five Commonly Used Herbal Food Supplements

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