Circadian‐mediated regulation of cardiometabolic disorders and aging with time‐restricted feeding

Abstract

Circadian rhythms are present throughout biology, from the molecular level to complex behaviors such as eating and sleeping. They are driven by molecular clocks within cells, and different tissues can have unique rhythms. Circadian disruption can trigger obesity and other common metabolic disorders such as aging, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and circadian genes control metabolism. At an organismal level, feeding and fasting rhythms are key drivers of circadian rhythms. This underscores the bidirectional relationship between metabolism and circadian rhythms, and many metabolic disorders have circadian disruption or misalignment. Therefore, studying circadian rhythms may offer new avenues for understanding the etiology and management of obesity. This review describes how circadian rhythm dysregulation is linked with cardiometabolic disorders and how the lifestyle intervention of time-restricted feeding (TRF) regulates them. TRF reinforces feeding-fasting rhythms without reducing caloric intake and ameliorates metabolic disorders such as obesity and associated cardiac dysfunction, along with reducing inflammation. TRF optimizes the expression of genes and pathways related to normal metabolic function, linking metabolism with TRF's benefits and demonstrating the molecular link between metabolic disorders and circadian rhythms. Thus, TRF has tremendous therapeutic potential that could be easily adopted to reduce obesity-linked dysfunction and cardiometabolic disorders.

Automated assessment of cardiac dynamics in aging and dilated cardiomyopathy Drosophila models using machine learning

“…All statistical analyses were performed with GraphPad Prism 9. Significance in cardiac function was determined using one-way ANOVA with two-sided unpaired T-test as previously described 6,[10][11][12] . To rule out sex-specific differences, our analysis will be carried out in both male and female flies.…”

“…Moreover, mutant flies carrying genetic variants that are associated with a higher risk for CVD result in a similar outcome in the fly 3,4,6 . Furthermore, flies like humans living in industrial societies, consume some of their daily caloric intake at night and nutritional challenges that compromise cardiac function in humans have similar effects on flies [10][11][12] .…”

Does time‐restricted eating add benefits to calorie restriction? A systematic review

“…Emerging literature has suggested that restricting the timing of food intake and aligning food intake with circadian rhythms can improve metabolic health parameters and activate cellular pathways similar to that of CR, without calorie counting [20,21]. However, recent findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have compared energy-matched TRE interventions with CR have suggested that the metabolic benefits of TRE can be accounted for solely by the observed reduction in energy intake [22][23][24].…”

Automated evaluation of cardiac contractile dynamics and aging prediction using machine learning in a Drosophila model

“…Moreover, mutant flies carrying genetic variants that are associated with a higher risk for CVD result in a similar outcome in the fly 3,4,6 . Furthermore, flies like humans living in industrial societies, consume some of their daily caloric intake at night and nutritional challenges that compromise cardiac function in humans have similar effects in flies [10][11][12] .…”