Circadian Organization of the Immune Response

Cardinali, Daniel P.; Esquifino, Ana I.; Maestroni, Georges J. M.; Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-69146-6_3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 148 publications

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“…Sleep deprivation (SD) was achieved by forcing the mice to move continuously through power devices (Soft maze, #XR-XS108) (Pandi-Perumal et al, 2007). The experimental device consisted of a computer console, a horizontal rotating rod with a diameter of 46 cm and a round mouse cage of 50 cm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Microglia Surveillance during Sleep-wake Cycles in Freely Behaving Mice

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Microglia surveillance manifests itself as dynamic changes in cell morphology and functional remodeling in response to fluctuations in the neural environment. Whether and how microglia surveillance is coupled to brain state switches during natural sleep-wake cycles, as well as under sleep deprivation, remain unclear. To address this question, we used miniature two-photon microscopy (mTPM) to acquire time-lapse high-resolution microglia images of the somatosensory cortex, along with EEG/EMG recordings and behavioral video, in freely-behaving mice. We uncovered fast and robust brain state-dependent changes in microglia surveillance, occurring in parallel with sleep dynamics and early-onset phagocytic microglial contraction during sleep deprivation stress. With the aid of the biosensor GRABNE2m, we also detected local norepinephrine fluctuation occurring in a sleep state-dependent manner. We showed that the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system, which is crucial to sleep homeostasis, is required for both sleep state-dependent and stress-induced microglial responses and involves β2-adrenergic receptor signaling. These results provide direct evidence that microglial surveillance is exquisitely tuned to signals and stressors that regulate sleep dynamics and homeostasis so as to adjust its varied roles to complement those of neurons in the brain.In vivoimaging with mTPM in freely behaving animals, as demonstrated here, opens a new avenue for future investigation of microglia dynamics and sleep biology in freely behaving animals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Microglia Surveillance during Sleep-wake Cycles in Freely Behaving Mice

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Circadian Rhythm and the Immune Response: A Review

Habbal

Al-Jabri

2009

International Reviews of Immunology

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For long, the immune system has been thought of as an effector mechanism reacting to antigenic challenge with defensive responses designed to eliminate 'foreign' material and return to a standby or surveillance mode. However, the recent concept now supported by substantial evidence suggests that immunity is not effector biased but is also a sensory organ and forms part of an integrated homeostatic network. The bidirectional information flow between the neuroendocrine and immune systems functions to maintain and protect the internal homeostasis of the organism. The paradox of this interwined function is that homeostasis may require the neuroendocrine system to work for or against the immune system, as is the case in infection. Potential dangers necessitate activation of the immune system, and such a response may pose risks to the integrity of the host. This occurs when an overly vigorous response may be detrimental and kill the host, as is the case of toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, the constant monitoring role of the neuroendocrine system to control and, when necessary, regulate the function of the immune system is crucial for the homeostatic integrity of the host. This reciprocity of functional need determines the mode of action to determine the context of a perceived threat and the best way to respond. Any breakdown in this two-way communication may manifest itself in problems such as autoimmunity, septic shock, or chronic infection. In this article, we review our current knowledge of circadian rhythm and its relation to the immune response.

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Circadian Organization of the Immune Response

Cited by 2 publications

References 148 publications

Imaging Microglia Surveillance during Sleep-wake Cycles in Freely Behaving Mice

Imaging Microglia Surveillance during Sleep-wake Cycles in Freely Behaving Mice

Circadian Rhythm and the Immune Response: A Review

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