“…The primary limitation of these conventional techniques is the requirement for human parameter adjustment, leading to inadequate resilience and sluggish repair. Deep learning approaches have shown significant prowess in recent years in image production (Qian et al, 2022;Yu et al, 2018;Chopra et al, 2022), image retrieval (Nhi et al, 2022;Chu et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2020), image-semantic analysis , image classification (Ghoneim et al, 2018;Mandle et al, 2022) and reconstruction (Arnab et al, 2021), such as image denoising, image super-resolution, and rain and fog removal (Jia et al, 2023;Liu et al, 2022;Liang et al, 2022), and have also been applied to spectral image reconstruction. PnP introduces a denoising module based on the traditional method, but with limited improvement in reconstruction speed and accuracy.…”