Circular RNA–MicroRNA–MRNA interaction predictions in SARS-CoV-2 infection

Abstract

Different types of noncoding RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to take part in various cellular processes including post-transcriptional gene regulation during infection. MiRNAs are expressed by more than 200 organisms ranging from viruses to higher eukaryotes. Since miRNAs seem to be involved in host–pathogen interactions, many studies attempted to identify whether human miRNAs could target severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mRNAs as an antiviral defence mechanism. In this work, a machine learning based miRNA analysis workflow was developed to predict differential expression patterns of human miRNAs during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In order to obtain the graphical representation of miRNA hairpins, 36 features were defined based on the secondary structures. Moreover, potential targeting interactions between human circRNAs and miRNAs as well as human miRNAs and viral mRNAs were investigated.

Gene Network Analysis of the Transcriptome Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Interacting MicroRNAs in COVID-19 Disease

“…Upon abstract collection, 44 research papers (23 in silico [ 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] and 21 experimental studies [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]) met the inclusion criteria and were used for downstream analysis. The entire workflow of the current study is depicted in Figure 1 .…”

Exosomal mediated signal transduction through artificial microRNA (amiRNA): A potential target for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2

“… S.No. Predicted miRNA Process of human gene Disease involved References 1 hsa-miR-6891-5p Cellular process, biological regulation, response to stimulus, signaling, metabolic process Reproduction, immune system [ 69 ] 2 hsa-miR-05220 Different KEGG pathways, potential target sites on SARS-CoV-2 Chronic myeloid leukemia, cancer [ 70 ] 3 hsa-miR-05205 Proteoglycans cancer [ 70 ] 4 has-miR-05218 different KEGG pathways Melanoma, [ 70 ] 5 miR-8066 and miR-5197-3p Related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction; related to morphine addiction and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450 mechanisms. TGF-β and mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis; Vitamin digestion-absorption [ 17 ] 6 miR-3934-3p glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis short long bones, joint dislocations or laxity and scoliosis; skin, congenital heart defects, [ 71 ] 7 hsa-miR-195-5p fatty acid synthase obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and cancer [ 72 ] 8 hsa-miR-195-5p fibroblast growth factor 2 human breast cancer [ 72 ] 9 hsa-miR-424-5p protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 4 Developmental defects, neoplastic disorders, and immunodeficiency.…”

miRNAs, from Evolutionary Junk to Possible Prognostic Markers and Therapeutic Targets in COVID-19

“…Such is the case with miR-155, which increases significantly in patients with COVID-19 and is related to cardiovascular damage and significant endothelial inflammation, fibroblast proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. These changes induce hypertrophy and ventricular dysfunction, which lead to heart failure [107][108][109][110][111][112]. Additionally, miR-15b is upregulated in cases of severe COVID-19, with a higher proportion in ICU patients, and this was associated with a significantly higher incidence of arrhythmias, identifying it as a possible marker of heart damage [92,105,113,114] ACE2 is expressed in endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, migratory angiogenic cells, cardiac fibroblasts, and many other cardiac cells.…”