Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification—A Narrative Review

Berezin, Alexander Е.; Berezin, Alexander A.

doi:10.1007/s13300-020-00835-9

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…An increase of Galectin-3 level is primarily associated with the fibrosis progression as well as the development of heart failure [17,18] and diabetes mellitus [19,20]. The revealed increase in Galectin-3 in patients with stage 3 hypertension may be associated with the development of fibrosis and the initial stages of heart failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interrelations Between Growth Differentiation Factor 15, P-Selectin and Galectin-3 and Clinical Course in Patients With Arterial Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bilchenko

Vysotska

2020

EUREKA: Health Sciences

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The aim of our study was to determine the base levels of Growth Differentiation Factor 15, P-selectin and Galectin-3 in blood plasma in patients with AH and T2DM and to assess their association with the diseases clinical course. Materials and methods. A total of 121 patients were included in our study (60 female and 61 male, mean age 64.7±10.6 years, with AH and/or T2DM). Patients were divided into three groups: 1st group with AH only (51 patient), 2nd group with AH and T2DM (57 patients) and 3rd group with T2DM only (13 patients, control group). GDF-15, Galectin-3 and P-selectin tests were performed using standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (ELISA). Results. Compared with AH without T2DM and T2DM only groups, AH with T2DM group had a statistically significant higher level of GDF-15. Grade 3 hypertension group had a significantly lower level of GDF-15 compared with Grade 1&2 hypertension groups. P-selectin mean level was significantly higher in Grade 3 hypertension group GDF-15 compared with Grade 1&2 hypertension groups. We observed weak correlation between Galectin-3 and GDF-15 in blood plasma, which was confirmed by linear regression analysis. Conclusions. A combination of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus revealed a significant increase of GDF-15 levels in compare with patients with only hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus, which may be due to a greater response to oxidative stress and low-intensity systemic inflammation. P-selectin mean level was higher in patients with grade 3 hypertension, which reflects a greater platelet activation as a part of the systemic inflammatory response. Galectin-3 mean level was higher in patients with stage 3 hypertension compared with patients with stages 1 and 2 due to possibly more pronounced fibrosis progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Interrelations Between Growth Differentiation Factor 15, P-Selectin and Galectin-3 and Clinical Course in Patients With Arterial Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Bilchenko

Vysotska

2020

EUREKA: Health Sciences

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“…It is proved that a number of causes, in addition to LV dysfunction, can cause wide variability of BNP values and complicate clinical interpretation in comorbid patients: hereditary, sex features and metabolic changes [4,5]. The latter requires clarification of the diagnostic significance of the genetic component -allelic polymorphism of the BNP gene (T-381C) in the analysis of plasma levels of the biomarker to detect early signs of myocardial dysfunction under the conditions of comorbidity of EH and T2D.…”

Section: Official Journal Of the International Academy Of Integrativementioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the brain natriuretic peptide gene polymorphism in the diagnostic use of the biomarker in myocardial dysfunction in men, residents of Podillya with comorbid essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Antoniuk

Gumeniuk

Sakovych

et al. 2020

Biomed. and Biosoc. Anthrop.

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There is a growing interest in the early detection of signs of myocardial dysfunction, especially in comorbid patients for timely prevention of progression of disease, reducing the risk of complications, improving their quality of life. The aim of the work was to optimize the diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction in men, residents of Podillya, taking into account the plasma concentration of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and polymorphism of the corresponding gene under conditions of comorbidity of essential hypertension (EH) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We examined 211 men: 79 persons without the signs of cardiovascular diseases, 62 patients with EH 2 and chronic heart failure (CHF) 0-I functional classes (FC) according to NYHA Classification and 70 – with EH 2 combined with T2D and CHF FC I-II. The examination included the determination of plasma concentration of BNP, the brain natriuretic peptide gene polymorphism (polymorphic locus T-381C), indices of doppler-echocardiography. The mathematical processing was performed using the standard statistical package Statistica 10. During the study, we calculated the primary statistical indicators, identified differences between groups on statistical grounds, made correlation and discriminant analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) of the left ventricle (LV) was diagnosed in 45.16% of patients in the group with EH 2, and 90% in the group of comorbid patients. It was determined that men, residents of Podillya, with presence and absence of T2D, have dominating T381C genotype of the BNP gene (p>0.05). Lower plasma concentration of BNP that is peculiar for homozygous T381T genotype, in comparison with carriers of allele C of BNP gene and the average values of this biomarker in patients with DD may affect its informativeness in the diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction and requires a lower level of diagnosis. Appropriate borderline levels of BNP were determined for early diagnosis of DD in carriers of polymorphic variants of the BNP gene in men, residents of Podillya, with comorbid course of EH 2 and T2D. It is recommended to determine the genotype of the corresponding gene (polymorphic locus T-381C) and plasma level of BNP and focus on the calculated borderline levels of BNP to optimize the diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction in comorbid patients with EH 2 and T2D. For carriers of the T381T genotype it is ≥55.57 pg/ml, for carriers of the C allele (heterozygous T381C and homozygous C381C) of the BNP gene it is ≥69.13 pg/ml.

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“…The changes that lead to DCM are triggered by hyperinsulinemia and increased insulin resistance, whereas the underlying molecular changes that are involved in the pathophysiologic development of DCM include: Abnormalities in the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), cyclic adenosine 5′-monophosphate-responsive element modulator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), O-linked N-acetylglucosamine, protein kinase C (PKC), micro ribonucleic acid (microRNA) and exosome pathways[ 4 ]. As DCM is now recognized as a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus, affecting 12% of patients with diabetes, various expert groups struggle to identify a suitable biomarker that will help in the recognition and management of DCM[ 6 , 7 ]. The rising burden of DM, estimated to afflict 592 million people by 2035[ 8 ], calls attention to this matter even more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of novel biomarkers in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Kumrić¹,

Kurir²,

Borovac³

et al. 2021

WJD

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Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is commonly defined as cardiomyopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus in the absence of coronary artery disease and hypertension. As DCM is now recognized as a cause of substantial morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus and clinical diagnosis is still inappropriate, various expert groups struggled to identify a suitable biomarker that will help in the recognition and management of DCM, with little success so far. Hence, we thought it important to address the role of biomarkers that have shown potential in either human or animal studies and which could eventually result in mitigating the poor outcomes of DCM. Among the array of biomarkers we thoroughly analyzed, long noncoding ribonucleic acids, soluble form of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and galectin-3 seem to be most beneficial for DCM detection, as their plasma/serum levels accurately correlate with the early stages of DCM. The combination of relatively inexpensive and accurate speckle tracking echocardiography with some of the highlighted biomarkers may be a promising screening method for newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. The purpose of the screening test would be to direct affected patients to more specific confirmation tests. This perspective is in concordance with current guidelines that accentuate the importance of an interdisciplinary team-based approach.

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Circulating Cardiac Biomarkers in Diabetes Mellitus: A New Dawn for Risk Stratification—A Narrative Review

Cited by 24 publications

References 185 publications

Interrelations Between Growth Differentiation Factor 15, P-Selectin and Galectin-3 and Clinical Course in Patients With Arterial Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Interrelations Between Growth Differentiation Factor 15, P-Selectin and Galectin-3 and Clinical Course in Patients With Arterial Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The role of the brain natriuretic peptide gene polymorphism in the diagnostic use of the biomarker in myocardial dysfunction in men, residents of Podillya with comorbid essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Role of novel biomarkers in diabetic cardiomyopathy

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