Circulating magnesium levels and incidence of coronary heart diseases, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Wu, Jiang; Xun, Pengcheng; Tang, Qingya; Cai, Wei; He, Ka

doi:10.1186/s12937-017-0280-3

Cited by 82 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Due to the cross-sectional nature of our study, more factors determining the low plasma magnesium in type-2 diabetic subjects could not be investigated. However, some cohort studies have prospectively analyzed the incidence of new cases of type-2 diabetes and have reported an inverse association with plasma magnesium concentrations [51,[82][83][84], minimizing the cross-sectional bias. Thus, in a cohort of more than 12,000 nondiabetic subjects from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study during 6 years of follow-up [82], the authors detected an approximate two-fold statistically significant increase in incidence rate of type-2 diabetes comparing the highest to the lowest (categorized into 6 groups).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[83] analyzed the risk conferred by hypomagnesemia of new onset type-2 diabetes after 10 years of follow-up and estimated a relative risk (RR) of 2.5; (95%CI: 1.1-4.1). In a meta-analysis of the published cohort studies [51], the pooled RR for incidence of type-2 diabetes comparing the highest to the lowest category of magnesium concentrations was RR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.50-0.81). Likewise, numerous cohort studies analyzing dietary magnesium intake also found a protective effect, though of less magnitude.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several prospective cohort studies have analyzed plasma magnesium concentrations and cardiovascular disease incidence and diabetes risk, and some of them reported inverse associations in a meta-analysis [51]. Although at the cross-sectional level numerous researchers have investigated associations between plasma magnesium concentrations and cardiovascular risk factors including plasma lipids, blood pressure, fasting glucose/diabetes, inflammation markers, among others, the consistency (except for type-2 diabetes), is still low [14,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

et al. 2020

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Several studies have shown that a low magnesium (Mg) intake in the diet is associated with greater cardiovascular risk and greater risk of diabetes. However, the results are not consistent in all populations. To minimize the biases derived from diet measurement, more objective biomarkers of magnesium status have been proposed. Although there is still no ideal biomarker for Mg, several studies have shown that plasma Mg concentrations could be a relatively acceptable biomarker for cardiovascular risk assessment. However, further studies are required to better characterize this marker in different populations. Our aim was to analyze the association between plasma Mg concentrations (measured through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) methods, and cardiovascular risk factors in individuals from a general Mediterranean population (aged 18–80 years). The influence of demographic and lifestyle variables, including adherence to the Mediterranean diet, on plasma Mg concentrations was analyzed. The mean Mg level of the population studied was 0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L, the prevalence of hypomagnesemia (<0.70 mmol/L) being 18.6%. We did not find any statistically significant differences between plasma Mg concentrations and sex, age, tobacco smoking and total adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p > 0.05). We found a statistically significant association between plasma Mg concentrations and the prevalence of type-2 diabetes (0.77 ± 0.08 mmol/L in non-diabetics versus 0.73 ± 0.13 mmol/L in diabetics; p = 0.009). Despite the low prevalence of type-2 diabetes in this population (11.24% in subjects with hypomagnesemia versus 3.91%, in normomagnesemia; p = 0.005), hypomagnesemia was associated with greater odds of being diabetic in comparison with normomagnesemia (OR = 3.36; p = 0.016, even after adjustment for sex, age, obesity, and medications). On the other hand, no statistically significant association of plasma Mg concentrations with obesity, hypertension, fasting triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol or uric acid was found. However, in contrast to what was initially expected, a statistically significant association was found between plasma Mg concentrations (basically in the highest quartile) and greater total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol concentrations (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our results contribute to increasing the evidence gathered by numerous studies on the inverse association between hypomagnesemia and type-2 diabetes, as well as to the observation, previously reported in some studies, of a direct association with hypercholesterolemia. This paradoxical link should be deeply investigated in further studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

et al. 2020

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“…Наряду со многими другими факторами в развитии, по крайней мере, некоторых вариантов АГ существенное значение могут иметь изменения гомеостаза двухвалентных катионов. При этом многие вопросы о роли кальция и магния в регуляции сосудистого тонуса и уровня артериального давления остаются спорными [1][2][3]. Особую актуальность роль двухвалентных катионов в развитии АГ приобретает в регионах, где питьевая вода имеет низкое содержание Ca 2+ и Mg 2+ (Северо-Запад России, в том числе и Санкт-Петербург, Скандинавские страны).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Effect of Addition of Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water on State of Cardiovascular System in Spontaneoushypertensive Rats

Ivanova¹,

Beresneva²,

Parastaeva³

et al. 2017

Nefrologiâ (St.-Peterbg.)

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“…shown that there is a correlation between CHD and metabolic syndrome (MetS), T2DM, and elevated levels of inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers [2,3]. Several researches indicated that levels of magnesium and zinc considerably decreased in patients suffering from CHD and T2DM [4,5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of combined magnesium and zinc supplementation on metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease

Hamedifard

Farrokhian

Reiner

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The present research aimed to analyze the impacts of magnesium and zinc supplement on the metabolic level in the patients suffering from CHD (coronary heart disease) and T2DM (type 2 diabetes mellitus). Methods: According to the research design, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial has been implemented on 55 women suffering from CHD and T2DM. Therefore, the participants have been randomly divided into 2 groups for taking placebo (n = 28) or 250 mg magnesium oxide plus 220 mg zinc sulfate (n =27) or for 12 weeks. Results: Magnesium and zinc considerably declined the levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (β -9.44 mg/dL, 95% CI, -18.30, -0.57; P = 0.03) and levels of insulin (β -1.37 µIU/mL, 95% CI, -2.57, -0.18; P = 0.02). Moreover, levels of HDL-cholesterol have been remarkably enhanced (β 2.09 mg/dL, 95% CI, 0.05, 4.13; P = 0.04) in comparison to the placebo. There have been an association between magnesium and zinc intake and a considerable decrease of C-reactive protein (CRP) (β -0.85 mg/L, 95% CI, -1.26, -0.45; P < 0.001), a considerable enhancement in the total nitrite (β 5.13 µmol/L, 95% CI, 1.85, 8.41; P = 0.003), and total anti-oxidant capacities (TAC) (β 43.44 mmol/L, 95% CI, 3.39, 83.50; P=0.03) in comparison to the placebo. Furthermore, magnesium and zinc remarkably reduced the Beck Depression Inventory index (BDI) (β -1.66; 95% CI, -3.32, -0.009; P = 0.04) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (β -1.30; 95% CI, -2.43, -0.16; P=0.02) in comparison to the placebo. Conclusions: In patients with T2DM and CVD the 12-week intake of magnesium and zinc affected FPG, HDL-cholesterol, CRP, insulin, NO, TAC levels, and BDI and BAI score usefully. Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials http://www.irct.ir: IRCT20130211012438N31 at 11 May 2019 of registration. This study retrospectively registered.

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Circulating magnesium levels and incidence of coronary heart diseases, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Cited by 82 publications

References 63 publications

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

Influence of Demographic and Lifestyle Variables on Plasma Magnesium Concentrations and Their Associations with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

Effect of Addition of Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking Water on State of Cardiovascular System in Spontaneoushypertensive Rats

The effects of combined magnesium and zinc supplementation on metabolic status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease

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