Circulation long non-coding RNAs act as biomarkers for predicting tumorigenesis and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Background/Aims: Circulating (serous or plasmic) long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as biomarkers for predicting the diagnosis or prognosis of human disease have been well documented. Due to the sensibility or specificity limitation of Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP), a cluster lncRNAs were revealed as fingerprints for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we enrolled all the reported circulating lncRNAs in HCC as candidate targets and examined in an independent cohort. Methods: The candidate lncRNAs were determined by qRT-PCR divided into training and validation sets. The risk score analysis was employed to evaluate the potential diagnosis ability of the lncRNAs independently or combining with AFP value. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was applied for presentation of sensibility or specificity. Results: Among the ten candidate circulating lncRNA, LINC00152, RP11-160H22.5, XLOC014172 and LOC149086 were screened with significant difference in training set. Further investigation in validation set indicated LINC00152, RP11-160H22.5 and XLOC014172 might be the fingerprints for HCC comparing with chronic hepatitis (CH) patients or healthy controls. The risk score analysis revealed the combination of three lncRNAs with AFP could distinguish the HCC from either CH or healthy control with the area under curve value (AUC) of 0.986 and 0.985, respectively. Conclusion: The three lncRNAs may act as novel biomarkers for acting as fingerprint in HCC combining with AFP.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating LncRNAs Serve as Diagnostic Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Yuan¹,

Sun²,

Liu³

et al. 2017

“…Hence, a novel biomarker for diagnosing HCC at early stage is intensively desired in clinical. Over the past decade, numerous studies were undertaken to explore the biomarker for HCC [30]. However, the research progress remains quite slow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic and Diagnostic Significance of SDPR-Cavin-2 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Wei

Luo

Zhu

et al. 2016

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor worldwide. Due to the lack of early prediction marker, numerous patients were diagnosed in their late stage. The family of cavins plays important roles in caveolae formation and cellular processes. Cavin-2, one of the members of cavins, has been reported as a suppresser in cancers. In this study, we have investigated its expression pattern and clinical significance in HCC. Methods: RT‑qPCR was performed to detect the expression of cavin-2. Results: Cavin-2 was down-regulated in HCC and associated with tumor differentiation (r=-0.275, P=0.013) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (r=-0.216, P=0.035). The Overall survival analysis showed that patients with lower cavin-2 expression had a relatively poor prognosis. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis revealed that cavin-2 was an independent prognostic factor. The receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that plasma cavin-2 presented a high accuracy (AUC=0.727, 0.865, 0.901) for diagnosing HCC cases from controls, hepatitis B and cirrhosis patients, respectively. Meanwhile, plasma cavin-2 showed a high sensitivity (88.4%, 89.9%) for detecting HCC with the serum α‑fetoprotein (AFP) levels below 200 ng/ml from those hepatitis B and cirrhosis cases. Conclusion: Our data suggested that cavin-2 might be considered as a potential prognostic and diagnostic indicator in HCC.

“…However, multiple evidence have suggested that ncRNAs played important roles in a variety of biological processes. LncRNAs act as a regulator of gene expression and are closely associated with the development of many diseases, especially malignant tumors [4-7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Significance of LncRNA PVT1 and Its Potential Target Gene Network in Human Cancers: a Comprehensive Inquiry Based Upon 21 Cancer Types and 9972 Cases

Qin

Lin

et al. 2018

Background/Aims: Whether the level of long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 gene (lncRNA PVT1) expression influences the clinical development and outcome of human cancers has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Inconsistencies still exist regarding the associations between PVT1 and the clinicopathological features, including patient survival data. Additionally, the regulatory mechanism of PVT1 among human cancers remains unclear. Methods: we conducted a comprehensive inquiry to verify the implication of PVT1 expression in cancer patients by conducting a meta-analysis of 19 selected studies and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to examine the relationship between PVT1 expression and both the prognosis and clinicopathological features of cancer patients using STATA 12.0. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses of the potential mRNA target genes of PVT1 gathered from TANRIC and Multi Experiment Matrix (MEM) were performed. Results: The level of PVT1 expression in tumor tissues was higher than in paired non-cancer tissues and was significantly associated with a poorer prognosis in cancer patients. Additionally, overexpression of PVT1 was significantly correlated with histological differentiation, tumor (T) classification, lymph node (N) classification and TNM stages. Furthermore, a total of 462 validated target genes were identified, and the GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that the validated targets of PVT1 were significantly enriched in several pathways, including the GnRH signaling pathway, the Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, the Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels pathway, and the Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway. Conclusion: PVT1 may serve as a potential biomarker associated with the progression and prognosis of human cancers.