Citations, family size, opposition and the value of patent rights

Harhoff, Dietmar; Scherer, F. M.; Vopel, Katrin

doi:10.1016/s0048-7333(02)00124-5

Cited by 1,166 publications

(777 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The number of non-patent backward citations is a suitable measure to evaluate the extent to which a patent is based on scientific knowledge [10,90]. 7 To measure the breadth of the technological base (TechBreadth) upon which the given patent is built, we relied on the measure proposed by Jaffe and Trajtenberg [4].…”

Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant research efforts have been particularly channeled in assessing the impact of patents and identifying those factors leading some patents to exert a stronger influence on subsequent technological developments (as mainly measured by forward citations counting) than other ones [e.g. 3,[10][11][12]. Despite these intensive research we have 1 The definition is reported in the USPTO Glossary available at www.uspto.gov/main/glossary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of patent citations in biotechnology: An analysis of patent influence across the industrial and organizational boundaries

Petruzzelli

Rotolo

Albino

2015

Technological Forecasting and Social Change

153

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The present paper extends the literature investigating key drivers leading certain patents to exert a stronger influence on the subsequent technological developments (inventions) than other ones. We investigated six key determinants, as (i) the use of scientific knowledge, (ii) the breadth of the technological base, (iii) the existence of collaboration in patent development, (iv) the number of claims, (v) the scope, and (vi) the novelty, and how the effect of these determinants varies when patent influence-as measured by the number of forward citations the patent received-is distinguished as within and across the industrial and organizational boundaries. We conducted an empirical analysis on a sample of 5,671 patents granted to 293 US biotechnology firms from 1976 to 2003. Results reveal that the contribution of the determinants to patent influence differs across the domains that are identified by the industrial and organizational boundaries. Findings, for example, show that the use of scientific knowledge negatively affects patent influence outside the biotechnology industry, while it positively contributes to make a patent more relevant for the assignee's subsequent technological developments. In addition, the broader the scope of a patent the higher the number of citations the patent receives from subsequent non-biotechnology patents.This relationship is inverted U-shaped when considering the influence of a patent on inventions granted to other organizations than the patent's assignee. Finally, the novelty of a patent is inverted-U related with the influence the patent exerts on the subsequent inventions granted across the industrial and organizational boundaries.

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Section: Independent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of patent citations in biotechnology: An analysis of patent influence across the industrial and organizational boundaries

Petruzzelli

Rotolo

Albino

2015

Technological Forecasting and Social Change

153

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“…Indicators used are e.g., the number of citations received (Trajtenberg 1990, Harhoff et al 1999, Lanjouw/Schankerman 1999, the number of claims (Lanjouw/Schankerman 1999 and, the incidence of an opposition or litigation (Lanjouw/Schankerman 1999, Harhoff/Reitzig 2001, Harhoff/Hall 2003, or patent renewal data (Pakes 1986, Schankerman/Pakes 1986, Lanjouw et al 1998. Results of most of these approaches have one element in common: they provide evidence for a highly skewed distribution of patent value (i.e., Harhoff et al 1999, Scherer et al 2000. Scherer et al (2000) show that the top decile of German patents in 1977 accounted for 88 percent of the total value.…”

Section: Salient Features Of Invention Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Institutionalized incentives for ingenuity—Patent value and the German Employees’ Inventions Act

Harhoff

Hoisl²

2007

Research Policy

Self Cite

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Germany is one of few countries in which the monetary compensation for inventors is not only determined by negotiations between employer and employee-inventor, but also by relatively precise legal provisions. In this paper, we describe the characteristics of the German Employees' Inventions Act (GEIA) and discuss which incentives it creates. We rely on responses from a recent survey of 3,350 German inventors to test hypotheses regarding this institution. We conclude from our data that the law creates substantial monetary rewards for productive inventors. The qualitative responses from our survey confirm this view, but also point to a number of dysfunctional effects.

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“…Several studies confirm this assumption and show that this measure is related to the actual value of a patent (Trajtenberg, 1990;Harhoff et al, 1999;Hall et al, 2005). Harhoff et al (2003) argue that the number of backward citations are used to back the claims of the patent application; therefore indicating a broad scope of the patent.…”

Section: Value At Stakementioning

confidence: 88%

Investing in Legal Advice - What Determines the Costs of Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights?

Juranek

2015

SSRN Journal

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This paper studies the determinants of investment in legal advice by plaintiffs in patent litigation. A hand-collected sample of US patent litigation cases is used to identify the empirical factors that determine the number of legal counsels employed by the plaintiffs.It turns out that more valuable patents lead to a higher investment in legal advice. Large firms, and plaintiffs with large patent portfolios employ more counsels, whereas individual litigants employ fewer. Software patents are related to a lower investment by the plaintiffs.These findings help not only to understand the cost drivers of litigation but have also important implications for the discussions on software patents, and the role of the litigant status for litigation success.

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Citations, family size, opposition and the value of patent rights

Cited by 1,166 publications

References 24 publications

Determinants of patent citations in biotechnology: An analysis of patent influence across the industrial and organizational boundaries

Determinants of patent citations in biotechnology: An analysis of patent influence across the industrial and organizational boundaries

Institutionalized incentives for ingenuity—Patent value and the German Employees’ Inventions Act

Investing in Legal Advice - What Determines the Costs of Enforcing Intellectual Property Rights?

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