Citric acid demineralization of cementum and dentin: the effect of application pressure

Abstract

Previous work has shown that a 25-30% citric acid solution was the most effective concentration with which to demineralize dentin. The purpose of this investigation was to study the topography, using a scanning electron microscope, of root surfaces treated with a 30% citric acid solution using various application pressures. 20 freshly extracted human teeth were collected and stored in physiologic saline at room temperature. 3 root specimens, approximately 3x5x5 mm in size, were prepared from the coronal periodontally healthy area of each tooth. 30 specimens were root planed to expose dentin (dentin group) while the remaining 30 specimens were lightly scaled to remove periodontal soft tissue (cementum group). A freshly made 30% citric acid (CA) solution, (pH = 1.60), was applied to each of the experimental areas. Cotton pellets soaked in the citric acid solution were either placed (CAP), lightly rubbed (CAR) or heavily burnished (CAB) on the prepared root surface for 3 min. Pellets were resoaked every 30 s. The root sections were rinsed, fixed in glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in graded ethanol, critically point dried in liquid CO2 and sputter coated in gold. The treated surfaces were assessed for fibril tufting using scanning electron microscopy. Assessment was made of: (i) the % of surface area tufted; (ii) tufting depth (0-3); (iii) tufting density (1-3). Results of the study showed significantly more tufted surface area and greater tufting depth on both dentin and cementum for CAR and CAB compared to CAP. CAP produced a flat/mat fibril surface with no evidence of tufting.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Scanning electron microscopic analysis of the effect of CarisolvTM gel on periodontally compromised human root surfaces

“…3). These results are in agreement with those of previous studies (17,18), which described considerable changes in surface morphology after burnishing with citric acid.…”

A comparative analysis of root surface biomodification with ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid and tetracycline hydrochloride: An in vitro scanning electron microscopic study

“…These include fibronectin binding, fibroblast chemotaxis and proliferation, all of which lead to a more stable clot formation that is resistant to epithelial migration. 1,5,6 It was observed that both the demineralizing solutions produced fibril tufting (Fig. 6), in an average graded scale of one which is in support of the previous studies.…”

“…5 As observed in the present study EDTA appears to be effective in promoting the process by providing the increased surface area.…”

“…4 The tufting of dentin or cementum matrix following demineralization will lead to an increase in the total surface area of the collagen and thereby the total number of binding sites for various proteins or growth factors which play an important role in wound healing and regeneration. 5 The root treatment protocol earlier centered mainly on application of acids like citric acid and tetracycline hydrochloride. 6 The use of low pH acting agents has been challenged, as their use might be detrimental to the surrounding vital periodontal tissues and may interfere with healing after the regenerative procedures.…”

Blood Cells Attachment after Root Conditioning and PRP Application: An in vitro Study

“…Samples in the groups II, III, IV and V were conditioned during 3 minutes and solutions were renewed every 30 seconds. [18][19][20] After the conditioning procedure samples were washed with 10 ml of saline solution.…”