Citric acid production from orange peel wastes by solid-state fermentation

Abstract

Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) peel was employed in this work as raw material for the production of h starting from 62 h. The addition of methanol was detrimental for the CA production. Under these conditions, the SSF ensured an effective specific production of CA (193 mg CA/g dry orange peel), corresponding to yields of product on total initial and consumed sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) of 376 and 383 mg CA/g, respectively. These results, which demonstrate the viability of the CA production by SSF from orange peel without addition of other nutrients, could be of interest to possible, future industrial applications.

Overview of citric acid production from Aspergillus niger

“…There is also a limited pool of viable microorganisms, and strains with large nitrogen and phosphorus requirements cannot be used. Agro-industrial wastes that have been utilized include banana peel (Max et al 2010), cotton waste (Kiel et al 1981), kiwi fruit peel (Hang et al 1987), date pulp (Assadi & Nikkhah 2002), apple pomace ultrafiltration sludge and solid waste (Kareem et al 2010), orange peel waste (Torrado et al 2011), pineapple waste (Kareem et al 2010), wheat bran and soya bean meal (Sauer et al 2008), fresh kumara (Ipomoea batatas), potato (Solanum tuberosum) and taro (Colacasia esculenta) (Arshad et al 2014). …”

Solid-State Fermentation as a Novel Paradigm for Organic Waste Valorization: A Review

“…Fruit wastes such as pineapple pulp waste [133], grape peel [134], mixed fruit waste [135], apple pomace [136], orange peel [137], or banana peel [138,139] have been extensively studied to produce citric acid by SSF. When comparing SSF and SmF with A. niger growing on orange peel, the production of citric acid increased about 3-fold in SSF (193.2 g·kg −1 ) compared to SmF (73.6 g·kg −1 ) [140]. The addition of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or methyl acetate, copper, and zinc has been related to the enhancement of the production of citric acid [141].…”

Synthesis and Characterization of MgO Nanoparticles by Orange Fruit Waste through Green Method

“…By Nature Orange peel is light yellow in colour, which gives absolute protection for the inner part of fruit from outer world. It can acts as reducing agent for synthesis of various metal oxides like MgO, TiO 2 , ZnO etc, as it contains Citric acid as main source [9]. Water is used for the synthesis process to reduce the harmful effect of traditional chemicals like methanol [10][11][12][13] ethanol [14,15]and ethyl acetate [16].Orange peel can be used in a range of products viz bath oil, room freshen air, face creams, mosquito repellent and weight loss products.…”