Citrus: An Ancient Fruits of Promise for Health Benefits

Ahmed, Waseem; Azmat, Rafia

doi:10.5772/intechopen.79686

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The secondary metabolites and bioactivities of Citrus had been widely studied in order to examine their effectiveness as medicinal resources (Li et al 2015;Chaudri et al 2016). According to Ahmed and Azmat (2019), the bioactives of Citrus are suitable for a balanced diet and to keep humans healthy. In Indonesia, including in Riau Province, many people still rely on traditional practitioners to cure health problems.…”

Section: Traditional Treatment and Folklorementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Abstract. Sofiyanti N, Iriani D, Wahyuni PI, Idani N, Lestari P. 2022. Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1038-1047. The genus Citrus (Rutaceae) is an important fruit crop in the world. The species of Citrus are extensively cultivated for fresh fruit and processed juice market. In addition, Citrus members have a great ability to cross and produce intra or intergeneric hybrids. Therefore, the taxonomic identification of the cultivars has been a serious challenge for botanists and agronomists. In Riau Province (Indonesia), the cultivars of this genus are grown for various uses. The aims of this study are to identify Citrus taxa in Riau Province, examine their morphological characters, and document their uses by local people. Samples were collected in the field. The result shows a total of 18 Citrus members were identified in this study. The Citrus morphologies vary among the members. Each Citrus identified in this study shows its morphological characteristic of vegetative and generative parts. Numerous local uses of Citrus are recorded in this study, e.g. fresh consumed, traditional drink, folklore, herb, spice and ornamental. The parts of Citrus used are whole plant, leaf, pericarp and pulp. The uses of Citrus recorded in this study are for herb and spice, dessert, traditional drink and treatment, folklore, and ornamental plant. This study provides the first record of the morphological characteristic of Citrus in this province and the uses of its members.

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Section: Traditional Treatment and Folklorementioning

confidence: 99%

Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia

et al. 2022

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“…For example, citrus fruits are high in vitamins, flavonoids, antioxidants phytochemicals, minerals, and other nutrients, and play an important role in enhancing immunity and preventing many diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes mellitus and some types of cancer [ 22 ]. Additionally, nutrients in citruses have many physiological properties that are considered as anticancer, antiviral, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Factors To Improve the Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruits and Vegetables in the Management of Underlying Conditions for COVID-19 High-Risk Groups

Moreb

Albandary

Jaiswal

et al. 2021

Foods

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SARS-CoV-2 or COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus, which is the cause of the current pandemic with 107,411,561 infections and 2,351,195 death worldwide so far. There are multiple symptoms that are linked with the infection of COVID-19 such as coughing, shortness of breath, congestion together with fatigue, fever, loss of taste or smell, headaches, diarrhea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. The lack of or early stage of development of a cure for COVID-19 illness, there is need for insuring the best possible position of health to be able to fight the virus naturally through a robust immune system to limit severe complication. In this article, we have discussed the role of fruits and vegetables consumption to boost the immune system and major emphasis has been given to high risk group. We have taken into consideration a number of underlying conditions such as people with cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, hemoglobin disorder such as sickle cell disease, weakened immune system due to organ transplant. Furthermore, factors to improve the immune system, risks associated with quarantine and lifestyle and food handling during COVID-19 has been discussed.

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“…Citrus fruits provide an impressive list of phytochemicals, nutrients, antioxidants, and bioactive chemicals that are required for a balanced diet and can prevent humans from various diseases such as inflammation, heart diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, cancers, tumors, and obesity [ 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 ]. Flavonoid compounds that are abundantly present in citrus fruits such as nobiletin, neohesperetin, hesperetin, and tangeretin have significant tumor-suppressing properties in the human body [ 98 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Applications Of Citrus Fruits and Potential Usage Of Citrus Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Metabolites in Primitive, Wild, and Cultivated Citrus and Their Role in Stress Tolerance

Rao

Duan

et al. 2021

Molecules

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The genus Citrus contains a vast range of antioxidant metabolites, dietary metabolites, and antioxidant polyphenols that protect plants from unfavorable environmental conditions, enhance their tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses, and possess multiple health-promoting effects in humans. This review summarizes various antioxidant metabolites such as organic acids, amino acids, alkaloids, fatty acids, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, tocopherols, terpenoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins that are distributed in different citrus species. Among these antioxidant metabolites, flavonoids are abundantly present in primitive, wild, and cultivated citrus species and possess the highest antioxidant activity. We demonstrate that the primitive and wild citrus species (e.g., Atalantia buxifolia and C. latipes) have a high level of antioxidant metabolites and are tolerant to various abiotic and biotic stresses compared with cultivated citrus species (e.g., C. sinensis and C. reticulata). Additionally, we highlight the potential usage of citrus wastes (rag, seeds, fruit peels, etc.) and the health-promoting properties of citrus metabolites. Furthermore, we summarize the genes that are involved in the biosynthesis of antioxidant metabolites in different citrus species. We speculate that the genome-engineering technologies should be used to confirm the functions of candidate genes that are responsible for the accumulation of antioxidant metabolites, which will serve as an alternative tool to breed citrus cultivars with increased antioxidant metabolites.

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Citrus: An Ancient Fruits of Promise for Health Benefits

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia

Identification, morphology of Citrus L. (Aurantioideae-Rutaceae Juss.) and its traditional uses in Riau Province, Indonesia

Fruits and Vegetables in the Management of Underlying Conditions for COVID-19 High-Risk Groups

Antioxidant Metabolites in Primitive, Wild, and Cultivated Citrus and Their Role in Stress Tolerance

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