Cl and Na Fluxes in an Andean Foreland Basin of the Peruvian Amazon: An Anthropogenic Impact Evidence

Moquet, Jean-Sébastien; Maurice, Laurence; Crave, Alain; Viers, Jérôme; Arévalo, Nore; Lagane, Christelle; Lavado‐Casimiro, Waldo; Guyot, Jean‐Loup

doi:10.1007/s10498-014-9239-6

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The anthropogenic influence across the Amazon is limited, although large dams are being built on the Madeira River (Latrubesse et al, ), and mining activity exists in the Andes and in the Shield areas. We also note that a significant release of Na + and Cl ‐ to the rivers through the exhumation of brines during oil exploration has been observed between 2007 and 2009 on the Marañón River, affecting even the Amazon at its mouth (Moquet et al, ).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In the context of the Amazon Basin, a variety of hydrological, inorganic and biological processes have been invoked to explain observed C‐Q relationships. With increasing Q , the dilution of Cl ‐ delivered by evaporite dissolution in the Andes (Moquet et al, ) or by inputs of deep water through oil extraction in the Peruvian foreland (Moquet et al, ), has been attributed to a constant Cl ‐ release flux superimposed on variable water discharge. Conversely, nearly constant concentrations along the hydrological cycle have been explained by sorption processes, for example, for

{PO}_{4}^{3 -}

in the Solimoes basin (Devol et al, ), or by thermodynamic equilibrium between soils or suspended matter and water for K and Si for most of the Amazon subbasins (Moquet et al, ).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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River Mixing in the Amazon as a Driver of Concentration‐Discharge Relationships

Bouchez

Moquet

Espinoza

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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Large hydrological systems aggregate compositionally different waters derived from a variety of pathways. In the case of continental‐scale rivers, such aggregation occurs noticeably at confluences between tributaries. Here we explore how such aggregation can affect solute concentration‐discharge (C‐Q) relationships and thus obscure the message carried by these relationships in terms of weathering properties of the Critical Zone. We build up a simple model for tributary mixing to predict the behavior of C‐Q relationships during aggregation. We test a set of predictions made in the context of the largest world's river, the Amazon. In particular, we predict that the C‐Q relationships of the rivers draining heterogeneous catchments should be the most “dilutional” and should display the widest hysteresis loops. To check these predictions, we compute 10 day‐periodicity time series of Q and major solute (Si, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl‐, SO42−) C and fluxes (F) for 13 gauging stations located throughout the Amazon basin. In agreement with the model predictions, C‐Q relationships of most solutes shift from a fairly “chemostatic” behavior (nearly constant C) at the Andean mountain front and in pure lowland areas, to more “dilutional” patterns (negative C‐Q relationship) toward the system mouth. More prominent C‐Q hysteresis loops are also observed at the most downstream stations. Altogether, this study suggests that mixing of water and solutes between different flowpaths exerts a strong control on C‐Q relationships of large‐scale hydrological systems.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 64%

{PO}_{4}^{3 -}

in the Solimoes basin (Devol et al, ), or by thermodynamic equilibrium between soils or suspended matter and water for K and Si for most of the Amazon subbasins (Moquet et al, ).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

River Mixing in the Amazon as a Driver of Concentration‐Discharge Relationships

Bouchez

Moquet

Espinoza

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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“…No obstante, las concentraciones máximas de Na y K se alcanzan en el río Aguarico (M14-17), con concentraciones de aproximadamente 22 y 14 mg g −1 , para el Na y K respectivamente. Altas concentraciones de Na están asociadas con el vertido de las aguas de formación que contienen altos contenidos de NaCl [64]. Aguas abajo se registran concentraciones un poco más altas de Na a las encontradas aguas arriba, con concentraciones de aproximadamente 15 y 18 mg g −1 .…”

Section: Aluminio Y Hierrounclassified

“…Por el contrario, para el K las concentraciones encontradas aguas arriba, 20 mg g −1 , son superiores a las determinadas en aguas abajo, 15 mg g −1 . Las mayores concentraciones de Na se registran en el río Coca, 22 mg g −1 , las cuales pueden estar asociadas con las aguas de formación que contienen altos contenidos de NaCl [64]. Así también, altas concentraciones de sodio en los ríos amazónicos están asociados con un alto grado de salinidad de los cuerpos de agua .…”

Section: Aluminio Y Hierrounclassified

Determinación de elementos mayores en sedimentos provenientes de zonas afectadas por actividades petroleras en Ecuador

Naranjo

Maurice

Ochoa‐Herrera

et al. 2015

Av. Cienc. Ing. (Quito)

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* g −1 . Mientras que las concentraciones en el bulk de los sedimentos fueron , Na: 3-24 y Mn: 0.43-1.28 mg g −1 . En las muestras analizadas, el 43 % del Na, el 93 % del Fe, el 70 % de Mg, el 62 % de Mn y el 94 % de K están asociados con la fracción fina de los sedimentos. Las concentraciones de Mg, Na y Mn están influenciadas por las actividades petroleras mientras que el contenido de Fe, K y Al está relacionado con el origen natural de los sedimentos. Sin embargo, aguas abajo, hasta la frontera con Perú, no se observa un incremento significativo en las concentraciones de elementos mayores en relación a los puntos de control, aguas arriba de la ZIL, Zona de Influencia Local de las actividades petroleras. Palabras Analisis of major cations in bottom sediments from oil impacted Rivers, in the Ecuadorian Amazon AbstractHeavy metal pollution is one of the biggest problems of great concern at the global, regional and local levels due to mining and oil activities, because those elements constitute a threat to aquatic biota and human health. The major elements and heavy metals tend to accumulate in sediments, which act as secondary sources of contamination, and this process is closely related to the redox conditions, the particle size distribution of the sediments and the amount of sedimentary organic matter. Therefore, the aim of this work conducted in the frame of the MONOIL Research Program between France and Ecuador, is to determine the concentration of major elements (K, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn and Al) in the fine fraction of sediments, particles <4 µm, collected in the basins of the Aguarico, Napo and Esmeraldas Rivers, which are areas affected by the oil industry in Ecuador. Concentrations of major elements in the fine fraction are then compared to concentrations in the bulk, which was determined in the same sampling points in a previous work. Environmental parameters in surface waters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, conductivity and oxide reduction potential (ORP) were determined in situ in each sampling point. The isolation of the fine fraction was carried out based on Stokes' law after a homogenization, quartering and dissolution of the sediment in distilled water. Mineralization in sediments was performed by a triacid attack with HCl, HNO3 and HF. The major elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The ranges of major elements in the fine fraction of sediments were: Fe: 18-49, Al: 26-59, K: 3-15, Mg: 3-13, Na: 1-11 and Mn: 0.38-0.89 mg g −1 ; while concentrations in the bulk sediment concentrations were: Fe: 25-49, Al: 45-82, K: 5-20, Mg: 4-16, Na: 3-24 and Mn: 0.43-1.28 mg g −1 . In the sediment samples of the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon rivers, 43 % Na, 93 % Fe, 70 % Mg, 62 % Mn and 94 % K are associated with the fine fraction. The concentrations of Mg, Na and Mn in bottom sediments are influenced by oil activities, while Fe, K and Al concentrations depend on the natural origin of sediments. However, downstream up to the border with Peru, no significant increase in the...

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“…Essa origem unicamente andina e pontual explicaria também a distribuição sazonal inversamente proporcional à vazão desses íons (Figura 4). Porém, Moquet et al (2014) ) a montante, que com suas águas pouco mineralizadas diluem temporariamente a carga química dissolvida.…”

Section: Variação Temporal Dos íOnsunclassified

Spatial-temporal variation of dissolved inorganic material in the Amazon basin

et al. 2015

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A bacia do rio Amazonas é importante no aporte de material dissolvido para o oceano (4% a nível mundial apresentaram concentrações quase constantes ao longo dos anos e entre as estações, indicando que seus fluxos dependem da variação da vazão. Portanto, a variação temporal do fluxo de material inorgânico dissolvido no rio Solimões e Amazonas depende do fator hidroclimatológico e da heterogeneidade das fontes. Nos rios Madeira e Purus há menor influência desses fatores, o que evidencia maior aporte dos silicatos. Como a bacia do Solimões aporta aproximadamente 84% do fluxo total de material dissolvido na bacia e está sob influência, principalmente, do fator hidroclimático, pode-se concluir que a variabilidade temporal desse fator controla a temporalidade dos fluxos do material dissolvido na bacia Amazônica. PALAVRAS CHAVE: intemperismo, fluxos hidroquímicos, diluição teórica, hidroclimatologia. Spatial-temporal variation of dissolved inorganic material in the Amazon basin ABSTRACTThe Amazon River basin is important in the contribution of dissolved material to oceans (4% worldwide). The aim of this work was to study the spatial and the temporal variability of dissolved inorganic materials in the main rivers of the Amazon basin. Data from 2003 to 2011 from six gauging stations of the ORE-HYBAM localized in Solimões, Purus, Madeira and Amazon rivers were used for this study. , HCO 3 -and SO 4 -2 had heterogeneous distribution over the years and did not show seasonality. At the stations of Madeira river, the concentration of these ions had seasonality inversely proportional to water discharge (dilution-concentration effect). Similar behavior was observed for the concentrations of Cl -and Na + at the stations of the Solimões, Amazon and Madeira rivers, indicating almost constant release of Cl -and Na + fluxes during the hydrological cycle. K + and SiO 2 showed almost constant concentrations throughout the years and all the stations, indicating that their flows depend on the river discharge variation. Therefore, the temporal variability of the dissolved inorganic material fluxes in the Solimões and Amazon rivers depends on the hydro-climatic factor and on the heterogeneity of the sources. In the Madeira and Purus rivers there is less influence of these factors, indicating that dissolved load fluxes are mainly associated to silicates weathering. As the Solimões basin contributes approximately 84% of the total flux of dissolved materials in the basin and is mainly under the influence of a hydro-climatic factor, we conclude that the temporal variability of this factor controls the temporal variability of the dissolved material fluxes of the Amazon basin.

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Cl and Na Fluxes in an Andean Foreland Basin of the Peruvian Amazon: An Anthropogenic Impact Evidence

Cited by 31 publications

References 28 publications

River Mixing in the Amazon as a Driver of Concentration‐Discharge Relationships

River Mixing in the Amazon as a Driver of Concentration‐Discharge Relationships

Determinación de elementos mayores en sedimentos provenientes de zonas afectadas por actividades petroleras en Ecuador

Spatial-temporal variation of dissolved inorganic material in the Amazon basin

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