Clarifying ADHD and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Item Relations with Impairment: A Network Analysis

Goh, Patrick K.; Martel, Michelle M.; Barkley, Russell A.

doi:10.1007/s10802-020-00655-2

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…For those with ADHD, there were 5 with mood disorders, 99 with anxiety disorders, 91 with ODD, 8 with CD, and 30 with Learning Disorders. Participants were drawn from the Oregon ADHD Cohort, a well-characterized child cohort for which the community-based recruitment and enrollment procedures and multi-informant assessment procedures for ADHD diagnosis have been published in detail elsewhere (Goh et al, 2020; Musser et al, 2016; Karalunas et al, 2017). Ethics approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board at Oregon Health & Science University.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is a limited body of work examining the clinical utility of different integration models, there appears to be no work investigating the predictive utility and validity of these algorithms. It is well established that youth with ADHD demonstrate significant life impairments across a number of domains including interpersonal (e.g., parent–child difficulties, peer rejection; Goh et al, 2020; Johnston & Chronis-Tuscano, 2014; Pelham & Milich, 1984), academic, (e.g., underachievement; Hinshaw, 1992), and psychological functioning (e.g., comorbid disorders; Hinshaw, 1987). Further, youth with ADHD are also at elevated risk to experience a host of negative outcomes later in life, such as substance use, psychological comorbidity, marital issues, and employment issues (Murphy & Barkley, 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multiple informant average integration of ADHD symptom ratings predictive of concurrent and longitudinal impairment.

Martel¹,

Eng²,

Bansal³

et al. 2021

Psychological Assessment

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To date, there remains no consensus about the best evidence-based method for integrating multiple informant data in the diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Several approaches exist, including the psychometrically sound approach of averaging scores, as well as the use of "OR" and "AND" algorithms, which are still commonly used in research. The current study tested these major integration methods in their concurrent and longitudinal prediction of clinician-rated impairment, teacherrated academic, and parent-and self-rated social skill ratings in children overrecruited for ADHD across a 6-year span from childhood to adolescence. The sample included a total of 800 children, 480 with ADHD, ages 6 to 13, who completed a "gold standard" assessment of ADHD and associated impairment. Overall, the "OR," "AND," and average integration approaches showed significantly high interrelations with one another (r range from .78 to .96) and were all significantly and strongly related to impairment measures concurrently and longitudinally. Multivariate regressions demonstrated that the average integration approach concurrently and longitudinally out predicted the other two approaches. Results demonstrated that the average approach slightly outperformed the other two in its prediction of concurrent and longitudinal clinician-rated impairment, teacher-rated academic skills, and parent-and self-rated child social skills across childhood and adolescence. Evidence-based assessment integration of parent and teacher ratings of ADHD in childhood might best utilize an averaging approach, as it is most related to later impairment ratings, particularly if such findings are replicated by other groups. Public Significance StatementAn average approach to integrating parent and teacher ratings of ADHD slightly outperforms other, more complicated integration approaches in prediction of later clinician-rated impairment, teacher-rated academic skills, and parent-and self-rated social skills. Therefore, average integration of ADHD symptom ratings may be the best and easiest integration approach for use in clinical practice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple informant average integration of ADHD symptom ratings predictive of concurrent and longitudinal impairment.

Martel¹,

Eng²,

Bansal³

et al. 2021

Psychological Assessment

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“…In the psychological network, nodes represent psychological variables, such as emotions, symptoms, and attitudes, while edges represent relationships between variables. In recent years, network analysis has received extensive attention and has been applied to various fields of psychology, such as developmental psychology (Goh et al, 2020), psychiatry (Vanzhula et al, 2021), and health psychology (Verkuilen et al, 2021). Consequently, network analysis was suitable for the two variables in our study, and it has the following scientific importance: (1) Network theory provides an alternative method to conceptualize psychological constructs, regarding psychological constructs as interactive systems, as their components interact with each other and actively participate in the emergence of the construct, in contrast to the passive indicators of the construct (Peng et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between ego depletion and work alienation in Chinese nurses: A network analysis

Cui

Yang

Gao³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectivesTo investigate the network structure of ego depletion and work alienation in Chinese nurses and identify bridge items to provide suggestions to reduce ego depletion and work alienation.MethodsA total of 353 nurses from three hospitals were enrolled in our cross-sectional study by convenience sampling from June to October 2021 in China. They completed an online survey, which included the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Nurses’ Work Alienation Questionnaire, and Self-Regulating Fatigue Scale (SRF-S). The R packages qgraph, networktools, and bootnet were used to estimate the network model and calculate the indices.ResultsThe correlation between ego depletion and work alienation was mainly positive. The correlation between “Sometimes I do not know what to do with the work instructions from my superiors” and “I have difficulties remembering things” was the strongest among the cross-community correlations (r = 0.14). The bridge strength centrality indices of “Sometimes I do not know what to do with the work instructions from my superiors,” “I always feel like a loser” and “I have difficulties remembering things” were the highest (z score = 3.15, 2.83, 1.43). The correlation stability coefficient of the centrality index was larger than 0.25.ConclusionNurses’ ego depletion and work alienation are correlated. “Sometimes I do not know what to do with the work instructions from my superiors,” “I always feel like a loser” and “I have difficulties remembering things” act as bridges between ego depletion and work alienation communities, and should be the focus of nurses’ psychological tests. Our study provides potential targets for interventions to reduce work alienation from the perspective of ego depletion.

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“…Yet, current diagnostic criteria for ADHD are primarily verbal in nature (e.g., blurting out of turn and interrupting others) with recent efforts to add more behaviorally focused impulsive symptoms being unsuccessful for DSM -5 (R. Barkley, personal communication, August 24, 2019). Recent work in children with ADHD has suggested behaviorally oriented impulsive items (e.g., Acts without thinking, Has difficulty resisting immediate temptations, or appealing opportunities, while disregarding negative consequences ) may demonstrate unique and robust relations with impairment in social interactions and rule following (Goh, Martel, & Barkley, 2020). Given these prior findings, additional work to examine the clinical relevance of these proposed symptoms, particularly in adulthood, is needed to determine their usefulness for obtaining a more comprehensive picture of ADHD-related phenotypes.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Relations Between Adhd and Functional Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clarifying Relations Between ADHD and Functional Impairment in Adulthood: Utilization of Network and Machine Learning Approaches

et al. 2021

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Using network analysis and random forest regression, this study identified attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms most important for indicating impairment in various functional domains. Participants comprised a nationally representative sample of 1249 adults in the United States. Bridge symptoms were identified as those demonstrating unique relations with impairment domains that, in total, were stronger than those involving other symptoms. Results suggested three inattentive (i.e., difficulty organizing; does not follow through; makes careless mistakes) and one hyperactive ( difficulty engaging in leisure activities) bridge symptoms. Random forest regression results supported bridge symptoms as most important (compared to other symptoms) for predicting global and specific impairment domains. Hyperactive/impulsive symptoms appeared more strongly related to impairment in women, whereas difficulty organizing and easily distracted appeared more related to impairment in men. Clarification of bridge symptoms may help identify core characteristics of ADHD in adulthood and specify screening and intervention targets to reduce risk for related impairment.

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Clarifying ADHD and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Item Relations with Impairment: A Network Analysis

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Multiple informant average integration of ADHD symptom ratings predictive of concurrent and longitudinal impairment.

Multiple informant average integration of ADHD symptom ratings predictive of concurrent and longitudinal impairment.

The relationship between ego depletion and work alienation in Chinese nurses: A network analysis

Clarifying Relations Between ADHD and Functional Impairment in Adulthood: Utilization of Network and Machine Learning Approaches

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