,5,6 STAT5 transcription factors are involved in normal B lymphocyte development and in leukemogenesis. We show that the inhibition of STAT5A expression or activity in the NALM6, 697 and Reh leukemic pre-B cell lines, results in a higher spontaneous apoptosis and an increased FAS-induced cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the altered pre-B cell survival are unclear. We used a proteomic approach to identify proteins that are differentially regulated in cells expressing (NALM6D5A) or not a dominant negative form of STAT5A. Among the 14 proteins identified, six were involved in the control of the oxidative stress like glutathione (GSH) synthetase and DJ-1. Accordingly, we showed increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in NALM6D5A cells and suppression of the increased sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis by the GSH tripeptide. Similar results were observed when NALM6 cells were treated with TAT-STAT5D5A fusion proteins or STAT5A shRNA. In addition, the 697 and Reh pre-B cells were found to share number of molecular changes observed in NALM6D5A cells including ROS generation, following inhibition of STAT5 expression or function. Our results point out to a hitherto undescribed link between STAT5 and oxidative stress and provide new insights into STAT5 functions and their roles in leukemogenesis.Leukemia (
INTRODUCTIONThe signal transducer and activator of transcription factors STAT5A and STAT5B are two closely related STAT family members that play a major role in cytokine and growth factor signaling. 1 Number of studies have demonstrated that STAT5 plays a crucial role in hematopoiesis. In particular, the knockout mice models (Stat5a/ b DN/DN and Stat5a/b null/null ) have pointed up the important role of STAT5 in hematopoietic cell development. 2,3 These mice have multiple hematopoietic defects, which affect the proliferation and/ or survival of both myeloid and lymphoid lineages, including B-cell development. 4 In the Stat5a/b null/null mice, the precursor B-cell compartment is substantially reduced presumably due to an inability of progenitor B cells to proliferate in response to interleukin-7 (IL-7). However, differentiation towards mature B cells seems to be unaffected. 5,6 STAT5 is also involved in the regulation of IL-7-dependent germline transcription, histone acetylation and DNA recombination of distal VH gene segments, which are the hallmark of B lymphocyte development. 7 Accordingly, a constitutively active form of STAT5B in IL-7R À / À mice, is sufficient to restore B-cell development. 8 However, the instructive role for STAT5 and IL-7-R signaling in early B-cell development has been controversial in a mouse model of conditional mutagenesis of STAT5. 9 This model showed that the main role of IL-7-mediated activation of STAT5 is to promote pro-B-cell survival via Mcl1 and to prevent premature rearrangements of the immunoglobulin-k light-chain locus (Igk) by binding to the