Clarreo Pathfinder: Mission Overview and Current Status

Shea, Yolanda; Fleming, Gary A.; Kopp, Greg; Lukashin, Constantine; Pilewskie, P.; Smith, Paul H.; Thome, Kurt; Wielicki, Bruce A.; Liu, Xu; Wu, Wan

doi:10.1109/igarss39084.2020.9323176

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The SBG VSWIR reference orbit remained the same as Scenario One, Two, and Three. CLARREO-Pathfinder will operate on the International Space Station (ISS) at an altitude of approximately 400 km with an inclination of 52° with a swath width of 70 km (Shea et al, 2020; https://clarreo-pathfinder.larc.nasa.gov/mission-overview/; https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/iss-clarreo#mission-capabilities) while SBG VSWIR is at an inclination of approximately 98°. The orbital planes of these two missions are nearly perpendicular and result in The SBG CVWG orbital simulations for SBG VSWIR and TIR instruments reveal some key findings regarding inter-calibration among cooperating missions for enabling science quality data.…”

Section: Scenario Five: Descending Sbg Vswir and International Space ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration and Validation for the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) Mission Concept: Recommendations for a Multi‐Sensor System for Imaging Spectroscopy and Thermal Imagery

Turpie,

Casey,

Crawford

et al. 2023

JGR Biogeosciences

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The primary objective of the NASA Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) mission is to measure biological, physical, chemical, and mineralogical features of the Earth’s surface, realizing a key conceptual component of the envisioned NASA Earth System Observatory (ESO). SBG is planned to launch as a two‐platform mission in the late 2020s, the first of the ESO satellites. Targeted science and applications objectives based on observations of the Earth’s surface biology and geology helped to define the mission architecture and instrument capabilities for the SBG mission concept. These objectives further drove the need for enabling change detection and trending of surface biological and geological features. These needs implied fundamental calibration goals to achieve the necessary science data quality characteristics. To meet those goals, calibration and validation pre‐launch and on‐orbit methods formed a basis of the calibration and validation concept, including the combined use of on‐board references, vicarious techniques, and routine lunar imaging. International collaboration with space agencies in other countries, an important feature of the recommended SBG mission architecture, uncovered and emphasized the need for inter‐calibration techniques that underscored the importance of collaborative instrument characterization data sharing and the use of common calibration references that are International System of Units (SI) traceable in pre‐launch and post‐launch on orbit calibration mission phases. International collaboration through the use of terrestrial and aquatic networks on six continents for vicarious calibration and validation activities will further assure necessary science data quality while in orbit.

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Section: Scenario Five: Descending Sbg Vswir and International Space ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration and Validation for the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) Mission Concept: Recommendations for a Multi‐Sensor System for Imaging Spectroscopy and Thermal Imagery

Turpie,

Casey,

Crawford

et al. 2023

JGR Biogeosciences

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“…The uncertainties chosen to evaluate in this study include uncertainty levels of previous and operational Earth‐viewing sensors and uncertainty levels that will be achieved by future systems. For example, the Climate Absolute Radiance and Refractivity Pathfinder (CLARREO Pathfinder) (Shea et al., 2020) and Traceable Radiometry Underpinning Terrestrial‐ and Helio‐Studies (TRUTHS) (Fox et al., 2011) reflected solar spectrometers are being designed to have a 0.3% ( k = 1) and 0.3% ( k = 2) uncertainty in reflectance, respectively. The Ocean Color Instrument that is part of the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission (Werdell et al., 2019) is being designed to achieve 0.5% ( k = 1) uncertainty.…”

Section: Observed and Simulated Reflectancementioning

confidence: 99%

An Entropy Framework for Evaluating Reflectance Observations for Climate Studies

Shea

Lukashin

Liu

et al. 2022

Earth and Space Science

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Direct measurements of spectral shortwave reflectance (300-2,500 nm) averaged over large spatio-temporal scales provide a fundamental understanding of the variability of Earth's climate system that are a result of the physical processes therein. Hyperspectral reflectance measurements-spectrally resolved with narrow, overlapping, and contiguous spectral bands (Goetz, 2009)-are able to resolve spectral features that result from the interaction of shortwave radiation with the atmosphere and surface. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) shortwave radiation reflected by Earth therefore contains a mixture of unique spectral signatures representative of physical variables including cloud, aerosol, and surface properties and atmospheric composition. Changes in these and other physical variables as they respond to climate forcings can be identified from spectrally resolved TOA shortwave reflectance (Roberts et al., 2011). This therefore suggests that variability in spectral measurements taken by instruments designed with the appropriate requirements can be used to identify and physically attribute changes in climate (Roberts et al., 2014). This study seeks to define a metric that can be used to optimize and justify measurement attributes appropriate for monitoring Earth's climate.Because of the information contained in direct measurements of spectral shortwave radiation, such measurements can serve as a credible climate change record (National Research Council, 2007) and can be used to detect changes in climate, identify climate variance drivers, and quantitatively and objectively compare the variability of two multivariate data sets (

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“…The credible expectation for ACCP is that a hyperspectral solar measurement implementation ought to be in the form of a small class sensor. In the coming years, the CLARREO pathfinder (CPF; Shea et al, 2020) plans to provide traceable, accurate spectra by direct solar calibration; see Kopp et al, (2017) against which other observing systems would be benchmarked. The characteristics of the proposed ACCP spectrometer is expected to largely duplicate those of the CPF.…”

Section: Vswir Spectrometry In the Accp Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spectral Nature of Earth’s Reflected Radiation: Measurement and Science Applications

Stephens

Калашникова

Gristey

et al. 2021

Front. Remote Sens.

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This paper introduces the aerosol, clouds, convection and precipitation (ACCP) program that is currently in the process of defining a number of measurement objectives for NASA that are to be implemented toward the end of the current decade. Since a (solar) visible-shortwave infrared (VSWIR) spectrometer is being considered as part of the ACCP architecture, illustrations of the different ways these measurements will contribute to this program and how these measurements can be expected to advance the science objectives of ACCP are highlighted. These contributions range from 1) constraining cloud radiative process and related estimates of radiative fluxes, 2) scene discrimination, 3) providing aerosol and cloud optical properties, and 4) providing other enhanced information such as the phase of water in clouds, and total column water vapor. The spectral measurements also offer new capabilities that will further enhance the ACCP science such as the discrimination of dust aerosol and the potential for the vertical profiling cloud droplet size in shallow clouds. The areas where the maturity of approaches is lacking is also highlighted as a way of emphasizing research topics to be a focus in the coming years.

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Clarreo Pathfinder: Mission Overview and Current Status

Cited by 25 publications

References 4 publications

Calibration and Validation for the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) Mission Concept: Recommendations for a Multi‐Sensor System for Imaging Spectroscopy and Thermal Imagery

Calibration and Validation for the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) Mission Concept: Recommendations for a Multi‐Sensor System for Imaging Spectroscopy and Thermal Imagery

An Entropy Framework for Evaluating Reflectance Observations for Climate Studies

The Spectral Nature of Earth’s Reflected Radiation: Measurement and Science Applications

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