Classification, fixation techniques, complications and outcomes of femur fractures in dogs and cats: 61 cases (2015-2016)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the frequency of femur fractures in dogs and cats in the routine of a school hospital, determining their classification, fixation methods, complications, and outcomes. A total of 61 animals, 50 (82.0%) dogs and 11 (18.0%) cats, had femoral fractures that were submitted to osteosynthesis. Sixty-two femoral fractures were evaluated. Single fractures in the distal epiphysis (n=25) were the most frequent (P=0.0001). Intramedullary pins were used in association with cerclage and tension band for osteosynthesis in proximal fractures. In diaphyseal fractures, bone plates and screws, two intramedullary pins (insulated or with cerclage) and Tie-In configuration were used. In distal fractures, modified Rush intramedullary pins, cross pins and Tie-In configuration were used. Comparing complication frequencies at fracture sites that required reintervention after osteosynthesis, a significant difference was observed (P=0.0253) between the diaphyseal (31.25%) and distal (7.14%) fractures independent of the technique used. We concluded that distal epiphyseal fractures were the most frequent in the routine of a school hospital. Distal epiphyseal fractures presented a lower frequency of complications for consolidation when treated with modified Rush intramedullary pins or crossed pins.

Incidence of Appendicular Bone Fracture in Dogs and Cats: Retrospective Study at Veterinary Hospital of Cairo University and some Private Clinics in Egypt

“…This higher incidence of fracture in young dogs up to 1 year of age might be due to being playful, active nature of the young ones compared to the adult dogs, and being inexperienced to escape from the hazards. Previous study mentioned that puppies were most affected by femoral fractures due to low bone density in their development (osteogenesis) phase (Libardoni et al, 2018). This was contrary to what was reported in Kenya revealing that the incidence of appendicular fractures was higher in adults (79%) as compared to the young dogs (21%) (Rhangani, 2014).…”

Retinoic acid induces the osteogenic differentiation of cat adipose tissue‐derived stromal cells from distinct anatomical sites

“…Bone fractures are one of the most common injuries in cats being generally associated with distinct etiologies such as traffic accidents, falls, animal biting, crushing injuries, and human aggression (Ali, 2013; Libardoni et al, 2018). Currently, the most commonly used method for the repair of bone fractures in companion animals is internal and/or external fixation, with the eventual use of biomaterials (Govoni, 2015).…”

The Osteogenic Potential of Falciform Ligament-Derived Stromal Cells—A Comparative Analysis between Two Osteogenic Induction Programs

“…Bone lesions are one of the most common orthopedic conditions in veterinary medicine, particularly in dogs [ 37 , 38 , 39 ], being associated with various etiologies such as falls, traffic accidents, crushing injuries, animal biting, and human aggression [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. Although there are currently several therapeutic approaches for successful bone healing, these have been associated with established complications such as failure of fixing and pin migration, infection, and disturbance/impairment of the healing process, converging to increased morbidity, animal suffering, and increased treatment cost [ 38 , 44 ].…”