The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the frequency of femur fractures in dogs and cats in the routine of a school hospital, determining their classification, fixation methods, complications, and outcomes. A total of 61 animals, 50 (82.0%) dogs and 11 (18.0%) cats, had femoral fractures that were submitted to osteosynthesis. Sixty-two femoral fractures were evaluated. Single fractures in the distal epiphysis (n=25) were the most frequent (P=0.0001). Intramedullary pins were used in association with cerclage and tension band for osteosynthesis in proximal fractures. In diaphyseal fractures, bone plates and screws, two intramedullary pins (insulated or with cerclage) and Tie-In configuration were used. In distal fractures, modified Rush intramedullary pins, cross pins and Tie-In configuration were used. Comparing complication frequencies at fracture sites that required reintervention after osteosynthesis, a significant difference was observed (P=0.0253) between the diaphyseal (31.25%) and distal (7.14%) fractures independent of the technique used. We concluded that distal epiphyseal fractures were the most frequent in the routine of a school hospital. Distal epiphyseal fractures presented a lower frequency of complications for consolidation when treated with modified Rush intramedullary pins or crossed pins.
Osteossíntese biológica é o tratamento dado, principalmente, às fraturas cominutivas diafisárias em quenão é possível a redução anatômica precisa dos fragmentos ósseos, preservando o alinhamento articularsem interferir no suprimento sanguíneo local. A fixação pode ser alcançada através de longa ponte na áreade fratura usando parafusos bloqueados, placas em ponte ou fixadores esqueléticos externos que levam àcicatrização do tecido ósseo fraturado. Demonstrou-se a utilização com sucesso desse princípio em cão comfratura cominutiva iatrogênica da tíbia causada pela colocação equivocada do fixador esquelético externo(FEE). A reintervenção cirúrgica com a aplicação do FEE baseando-se nos princípios da osteossíntese biológicapromoveu estabilidade aos fragmentos ósseos envolvidos e garantiu boa cicatrização do tecido.
A hérnia perineal é um tipo de hérnia que acomete mais os caninos, principalmente os animais não castrados. A etiologia da mesma ainda é incerta, mas está relacionada a um enfraquecimento dos músculos do diafragma pélvico, acarretando a protrusão de órgão ou tecidos para a região perineal. Caracteriza-se pela presença de disquesia, constipação e aumento de volume na região perineal. O diagnóstico é basicamente clínico, através do toque retal e exames radiográficos ou ultrassonográficos, e o tratamento é através da correção cirúrgica. Atualmente, existem diversas técnicas descritas para a correção de hérnias perineais, contudo as que utilizam transposições musculares apresentam maior eficiência. O objetivo desse trabalho é relatar um caso de hérnia perineal associada a divertículo retal do lado direito em um canino. A correção do defeito foi através da herniorrafia perineal com transposição do músculo obturador interno associada a plicatura das camadas muscular e serosa retal para a correção do divertículo.
The purpose of this study was to assess the use of a homemade multiport for LESS (laparoendoscopic single-site surgery) ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in cats. Intra and postoperative variables of the surgery steps, technical challenges, complications and evolution of surgical time by a surgeon in training were evaluated. Twenty queens were selected for LESS OVH. The multiport device was manufactured of a conical-shaped ethylene polytereftalate (PET) bottle, urethral catheter no. 8, latex balloon no. 11, a 3.5mm and a 6mm laparoscopic trocars. Hemostasis was carried out using bipolar diathermy. Mean total surgical time was 14.54±5.12 minutes. Approach to right and left ovarian pedicles and abdominal access for insertion of the multiport device were the most time consuming surgical steps. LESS ovariohysterectomy using a new homemade multiport device is feasible and safe. Thus, the proposed technique may be considered as a minimally invasive alternative to ovariohysterectomy in the feline specie.
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