Classification of alpha-active workplace aerosols based on coefficient of transportability as measured by the dialysis method

Khokhryakov, V. F.; Суслова, К. Г.; Tseveloyova, I. A.; Aladova, E. E.; Filipy, R.E.

doi:10.1007/bf02389773

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The data were combined for ICRP-30 (ICRP 1979). d Transportability index based on in vitro assay of solubility (Khokhryakov et al 1998b). the workers at both the Radiochemical and Plutonium Production Plants.…”

Section: Verification Of the Inhalation Intake Model For Americiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Inhalation Intake Model for 241Am Based on Mayak Production Association Worker Data

Sokolova¹,

Суслова²,

Khokhryakov³

et al. 2013

Health Physics

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VAmericium-241 is a significant radiation hazard at facilities that handle or reprocess spent nuclear fuels. An inhalation intake model for 241 Am was developed using autopsy data obtained from former workers at the Radiochemical and Plutonium Production Plants at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA), Ozyorsk, Russia. Accumulation of 241 Am in the body can occur though direct exposure to 241 Am (termed here ''exogenous'' exposures), usually as an inhaled aerosol, or though exposure to 241 Pu that decays inside the body to 241 Am (termed here ''endogenous'' exposures). Metabolism of endogenous and exogenous 241 Am can differ, with endogenous 241 Am being initially related to the behavior of 241 Pu. For the model, it was assumed that intakes of 241 Am and 241 Pu were functionally associated with intakes of 239 Pu. The current Mayak Worker Dosimetry System model (MWDS-2008) was used to describe metabolism of plutonium and americium in the respiratory tract. The ICRP-30 model was used for the gastrointestinal tract, the ICRP-67 model was used for metabolism after absorption into the blood for americium, and the ''Leggett modification'' of the ICRP-67 model for plutonium was used for systemic, non-pulmonary organs. The proposed inhalation intake model for americium provides estimates for internal doses from 241 Am from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Health Phys. 105(1):21Y30; 2013

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Section: Verification Of the Inhalation Intake Model For Americiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Inhalation Intake Model for 241Am Based on Mayak Production Association Worker Data

Sokolova¹,

Суслова²,

Khokhryakov³

et al. 2013

Health Physics

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“…To derive organ doses (in particular, for our purposes, red bone marrow doses) from these measurements, several steps are needed: First, a biokinetic model is applied that uses urinary plutonium excretion data to estimate the plutonium accumulation in the respiratory tract (Khokhryakov et al 2002). A model for lung clearance (Khokhryakov et al 2000) and another for plutonium excretion (Khokhryakov et al 1994) are included; information is used regarding the transportability of the particular chemical forms of plutonium to which a given worker was exposed (Khokhryakov et al 1998b)-transportability determines the biokinetics of the plutonium transport. Finally, autopsy data (Suslova et al 2002) are used to determine the fraction of the overall plutonium load deposited in different extrapulmonary organs.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Past Exposure to Densely Ionizing Radiation Leaves a Unique Permanent Signature in the Genome

Hande

Azizova

Geard

et al. 2003

The American Journal of Human Genetics

129

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Speculation has long surrounded the question of whether past exposure to ionizing radiation leaves a unique permanent signature in the genome. Intrachromosomal rearrangements or deletions are produced much more efficiently by densely ionizing radiation than by chemical mutagens, x-rays, or endogenous aging processes. Until recently, such stable intrachromosomal aberrations have been very hard to detect, but a new chromosome band painting technique has made their detection practical. We report the detection and quantification of stable intrachromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of healthy former nuclear-weapons workers who were exposed to plutonium many years ago. Even many years after occupational exposure, more than half the blood cells of the healthy plutonium workers contain large (>6 Mb) intrachromosomal rearrangements. The yield of these aberrations was highly correlated with plutonium dose to the bone marrow. The control groups contained very few such intrachromosomal aberrations. Quantification of this large-scale chromosomal damage in human populations exposed many years earlier will lead to new insights into the mechanisms and risks of cytogenetic damage.

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“…Each worker must have a recorded occupational history with starting and termination dates as well as a bioassay measurement history that includes the minimum detectable activity (MDA) for each sample. Additional parameters include the mass of the individual, whether they were a smoker or nonsmoker, and their transportability classification (Khokhryakov et al 1998). Transportability classifications are similar to the solubility classification in ICRP literature (ICRP 1993).…”

Section: Basic Model Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainties Analysis for the Plutonium Dosimetry Model, Doses-2005, Using Mayak Bioassay Data

Bess¹,

Krahenbuhl²,

Miller

et al. 2007

Health Physics

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The Doses-2005 model is a combination of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) models modified using data from the Mayak Production Association cohort. Surrogate doses from inhaled plutonium can be assigned to approximately 29% of the Mayak workers using their urine bioassay measurements and other history records. The purpose of this study was to quantify and qualify the uncertainties in the estimates for radiation doses calculated with the Doses-2005 model by using Monte Carlo methods and perturbation theory. The average uncertainty in the yearly dose estimates for most organs was approximately 100% regardless of the transportability classification. The relative source of the uncertainties comes from three main sources: 45% from the urine bioassay measurements, 29% from the Doses-2005 model parameters, and 26% from the reference masses for the organs. The most significant reduction in the overall dose uncertainties would result from improved methods in bioassay measurement with additional improvements generated through further model refinement. Additional uncertainties were determined for dose estimates resulting from changes in the transportability classification and the smoking toggle. A comparison was performed to determine the effect of using the model with data from either urine bioassay or autopsy data; no direct correlation could be established. Analysis of the model using autopsy data and incorporation of results from other research efforts that have utilized plutonium ICRP models could improve the Doses-2005 model and reduce the overall uncertainty in the dose estimates.

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Classification of alpha-active workplace aerosols based on coefficient of transportability as measured by the dialysis method

Cited by 35 publications

References 6 publications

Development of an Inhalation Intake Model for 241Am Based on Mayak Production Association Worker Data

Development of an Inhalation Intake Model for 241Am Based on Mayak Production Association Worker Data

Past Exposure to Densely Ionizing Radiation Leaves a Unique Permanent Signature in the Genome

Uncertainties Analysis for the Plutonium Dosimetry Model, Doses-2005, Using Mayak Bioassay Data

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