Classification of electrohydrodynamic spraying modes of water in air at atmospheric pressure

Park, In-Yong; Kim, Sang Bok; Hong, Won Seok; Kim, Sang Soo

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2015.06.009

Cited by 43 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As the applied electrical potential increased, the cone became thinner and sharper by the reinforced electrical force along the downward direction. As a result of the increase in the applied electrical potential from 9.5 to 11.5 kV, the average droplet sizes were gradually declined from 9.3 to 4.5 μm in diameter, which is in accordance with the previous report. , However, when the value of the applied electrical potential was over 12.5 kV, more than two Taylor cones (multijet mode) were formed by strong electrical force which can lead to jet instability. − Therefore, the droplet size decreased from 3.1 μm in diameter at 12.5 kV to 2.3 μm in diameter at 13.5 kV. From these results, we have demonstrated that the droplet size could be controlled from 9.3 to 2.3 μm by adjusting the electrical potential.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

Precise Morphology Control and Continuous Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Droplet-Controllable Electrospray Coating System

Hong

Lee

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Herein, we developed a novel electrospray coating system for continuous fabrication of perovskite solar cells with high performance. Our system can systemically control the size of CHNHPbI precursor droplets by modulating the applied electrical potential, shown to be a crucial factor for the formation of perovskite films. As a result, we have obtained pinhole-free and large grain-sized perovskite solar cells, yielding the best PCE of 13.27% with little photocurrent hysteresis. Furthermore, the average PCE through the continuous coating process was 11.56 ± 0.52%. Our system demonstrates not only the high reproducibility but also a new way to commercialize high-quality perovskite solar cells.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Precise Morphology Control and Continuous Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Droplet-Controllable Electrospray Coating System

Hong

Lee

et al. 2017

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The results we report here show how the pyrospraying is obtained by appropriate selection and control of solution, polymer properties, and EHD forces. − This could be seen as an intrinsic limitation of our method, but we believe that this article could be a first insight into the novel p-Spray approach, furnishing some guidelines to experiment and comprehend it. Further studies on the modeling, simulation, and experimental works will be necessary in order to understand the process physics, predict the process outcome, and guide the process control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Usually, in classical spray for the functionalization of a line or also a small area, it must be used as a template intercepting the sprayed cloud so that after removing the template, we could have a negative stamp. Commonly various template/molding strategies are utilized to fabricate micro/nanopatterns in far-field condition, so that patterns are formed on the substrate after removing a special designed template, , which covers the target (Figure a). The setup is very similar to the one proposed for classical EHD spray, and the fabrication of the sprayed pattern is a direct result of the template adopted, so that additional time and template fabrication costs have to be added to the already expensive EHD apparatus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Spraying Modality of Liquids by Pyroelectrohydrodynamics

et al. 2018

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We present for the first time an investigation on the spraying modality for the pyroelectrohydrodynamic (pyro-EHD) system. We show that the pyro-EHD spray (p-Spray) works well in the range from far field (d > 10 mm) to near field (d < 2 mm) without the need of external voltage and without the needs to change the experimental apparatus in that wide range of distances. Because the proposed method works without a counter electrode, no limitations are connected with the geometric shape of the substrate on which the spray coating is deposited. We report on several examples of the formation of disperse sprayed droplets, whose size can be varied between hundreds of micrometers and hundreds of nanometers, as well as on the production of sprayed pattern footpaths. The results reported here demonstrate the direct writing of spray patterns of nano/microdroplets with different materials in a very wide range, that is, from low-to high-viscous liquid solutions. Finally, as an example of application, we show the use of the p-Spray for the fabrication of silver-coated devices showing antimicrobial properties of the pattern produced by the p-Spray through a customizable and environmental friendly approach.

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“…[ 15,16 ] Moreover, a bending instability can also set in, or multiple jets can be issued from the same drop. [ 12–14,17–19 ]…”

Section: Fundamental Physics Of Electrosprayingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatically Sprayed Nanostructured Electrodes for Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

Joshi

Samuel

Kim

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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The electrostatic spray method is a promising nonvacuum technique for efficient deposition of thin films from solutions or dispersions. The multitude of electrostatic spray process parameters, including surface tension, viscosity, and conductivity of the liquid, applied voltage, nozzle size, and flow rate, make electrostatic spray deposition very versatile for the morphological engineering of nanostructured films. The current state-of-the-art in electrostatic spraying can produce exceptional morphologies. Such tailoring of morphologies is notably useful in electrochemical applications where high electrolyte-accessible surface area often improves performance. Interesting morphologies of metal oxides and their composites are highlighted, including nanopillars, nanoferns, and porous microspheres produced by electrostatic spraying to enhance energy conversion and storage performance. The physics associated with the electrostatic spray process and morphology control using it are also presented. The manuscript highlights the potential of electrospray processing for producing thin films of controlled microstructure, from ultrasmooth layers in organic photovoltaics and perovskite photovoltaics to hierarchical nanostructured films for anodes and photoanodes. It aims to help researchers appreciate essential aspects of electrostatic spray deposition efficiency, process control, and morphology engineering for energy conversion (e.g., solar cell, fuel cell, and photoelectrochemical cell) and energy storage (e.g., lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor) electrodes.

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Classification of electrohydrodynamic spraying modes of water in air at atmospheric pressure

Cited by 43 publications

References 23 publications

Precise Morphology Control and Continuous Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Droplet-Controllable Electrospray Coating System

Precise Morphology Control and Continuous Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Droplet-Controllable Electrospray Coating System

On the Spraying Modality of Liquids by Pyroelectrohydrodynamics

Electrostatically Sprayed Nanostructured Electrodes for Energy Conversion and Storage Devices

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