Classification of Picea abies Pulpwood According to Wood and Stand Properties

Spångberg, Kalle

doi:10.1080/02827589950152809

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Up until now, the pulp and paper industry has mainly investigated the fibre properties of wood after processing, while the biological aspects related to wood formation have been less studied (Denne 1973). Furthermore, more detailed sorting of pulpwood according to its properties can lead to more differentiated pulp and paper qualities (Spångberg 1999). Therefore, it is essential to have a basic understanding of the relationship between fibre properties and wood density, as well as of the processes that control cambial activity and the differentiation of xylem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood-density variation of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient optimization and fibre dimensions

Mäkinen¹,

Saranpää²,

Linder³

2002

Can. J. For. Res.

121

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The effect of fertilization on wood density, fibre length, fibre diameter, lumen diameter, proportion of cell wall area, and cell wall thickness of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) were studied in a nutrient optimization experiment in northern Sweden. On the fertilized plots, all essential macronutrients and micronutrients were supplied in irrigation water every second day during the growing season. After 12 years' treatment, data were collected from 24 trees (40 years old) on the fertilized and control plots. Fertilization increased radial growth more than threefold, especially earlywood width, and decreased wood density by over 20% at 1.3 and 4 m height. The decrease in wood density was closely related to the proportion of latewood. The absolute wood density also decreased across the whole annual ring but proportionately more in latewood than in earlywood. A close relationship was found between the wood density and fibre properties, especially with the proportion of cell wall in a cross section of each annual ring, as well as with fibre and lumen width. The absolute cell wall thickness was clearly less related to wood density. However, rather large variations were found between individual trees in the relationship between wood density and fibre properties.Résumé : L'effet de la fertilisation sur la densité du bois, la longueur des fibres, le diamètre des fibres, le diamètre du lumen, la proportion de la superficie occupée par la paroi cellulaire et l'épaisseur de la paroi cellulaire de l'épicéa commun (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) a été étudié dans une expérience visant à optimiser les éléments nutritifs dans le nord de la Suède. Tous les macronutriments et micronutriments essentiels ont été ajoutés à l'eau d'irrigation à tous les deux jours pendant la saison de croissance dans les parcelles fertilisées. Après 12 ans de traitement, les données ont été collectées chez 24 arbres (âgés de 40 ans) dans les parcelles fertilisées et témoins. La fertilisation a augmenté la croissance radiale par un facteur de plus de trois, particulièrement l'épaisseur du bois initial, et diminué la densité du bois de plus de 20% à 1, 3 et 4 m de hauteur. La diminution de la densité du bois était étroitement reliée à la proportion de bois final. La densité absolue du bois a également diminué dans l'ensemble du cerne annuel quoique proportionnellement plus dans le bois final que dans le bois initial. Une relation étroite entre la densité du bois et les caractéristiques des fibres a été observée, particulièrement avec la proportion de paroi cellulaire dans une section radiale de chaque cerne annuel, aussi bien qu'avec le diamètre des fibres et du lumen. L'épaisseur totale de la paroi cellulaire était nettement moins reliée à la densité du bois. Cependant, des variations plutôt fortes ont été observées entre les arbres dans la relation entre la densité du bois et les caractéristiques des fibres.[Traduit par la Rédaction] Mäkinen et al. 194

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood-density variation of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient optimization and fibre dimensions

Mäkinen¹,

Saranpää²,

Linder³

2002

Can. J. For. Res.

121

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“…This is despite the fact that not only the mean fibre length and width particularly affect paper properties, but also the distribution of fibres of different dimensions (Lindholm and Kettunen 1983). If the know-how about fibre distributions was available, pulp and paper properties could be better controlled by sorting pulpwood according to fibre properties (Spångberg 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in fibre properties of cultivated Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) in relation to radial and axial locations in the trunk

Luostarinen

2011

Annals of Forest Science

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“…At the mill pulpwood can be classified by truck load or bundle and, during wood handling, by log or chip quality. The load or bundle classification can be made on the basis of stand information, forest storage time, log size structure, average age of logs, growth rate of logs, or moisture content (Spångberg 1999;Jylhä and Keskinen 2006). Since the manufacture of high quality products requires a stricter classification of roundwood, there is also an increased need to identify the special characteristics of young pine that affect kraft pulping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in fiber length within a first-thinning Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem

Rautiainen

Alén

2008

Cellulose

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Variations in average fiber length and fiber length distribution both in the longitudinal and horizontal directions of a first-thinning Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem and between six stems of similar age (26-30 years) and height (10.7-12.8 m) were studied. As a general trend, fiber length increased from the pith (0.8-1.3 mm) to the outer part of the stem (1.9-2.9 mm) maximizing at the relative stem height of 20-40%. Variations in fiber length between stems were smaller than those within a stem. The average fiber length of different stems of the same age (28 years) or diameter at breast height (11 cm) depended typically on wood growth rate. Finally, kraft cooking experiments on different parts of the stem (i.e., butt and top as well as inner and outer parts of the stem) indicated clear differences in their pulp properties. It was concluded that due to the acceptable properties of these pulps, first-thinning wood material as such or after the suitable fractionation may offer a potential source of fiber for a variety of different purposes.

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Classification of Picea abies Pulpwood According to Wood and Stand Properties

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Wood-density variation of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient optimization and fibre dimensions

Wood-density variation of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient optimization and fibre dimensions

Variation in fibre properties of cultivated Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) in relation to radial and axial locations in the trunk

Variations in fiber length within a first-thinning Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stem

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