Clay-catalyzed ozonation of endocrine-disrupting compounds in solvent-free media – to better understand soil catalytic capacity

Abstract

An original approach never tackled so far allowed correlating the basicity and hydrophilic character of clay catalysts with surface interaction with 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) during ozonation in water. The clay catalysts...

Insight into natural medium remediation through ecotoxicity correlation with clay catalyst selectivity in organic molecule ozonation

“…This was reflected by lower PA/PA o values for both catalysts as compared to ozone alone, thereby confirming their activity in the ozonation of other organic pollutants. 2 Unlike DAZ, DCF still persisted in Ht-catalysed ozonation even after 30 min. This must be due to its more deprotonated carboxylate group (p K a 4.35 versus 2.6 for DAZ) 67 (Table S1†).…”

“…The reactivity towards ozone is assumed to increase with increasing molecular size and decreasing oxidation level. 2,5…”

“…Unless there is total mineralization, the natural partial oxidation of organic molecules is an unavoidable process that may generate harmful and persistent intermediates. 1,2 The concept is that clay-containing media promote oxidative processes, given that clay catalysts already turned out to be quite effective in organic pollutant removal. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Clay type and content in soils and turbid waters are expected to induce different eco-toxicities according to the features of the organic substrates.…”

“…1,2 The concept is that clay-containing media promote oxidative processes, given that clay catalysts already turned out to be quite effective in organic pollutant removal. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Clay type and content in soils and turbid waters are expected to induce different eco-toxicities according to the features of the organic substrates. These features are expected to strongly influence the substrate-clay and clay-clay interactions through pH, zeta potential, particle size and subsequently catalyst dispersion in aqueous media.…”

“…34,35 Clay-catalysed ozonation was already found to contribute in overcoming the low solubility and short lifetime of ozone in aqueous media by favouring adsorption on solid particles. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Most clay minerals are widely available and affordable materials, 36,37 which can act both as catalysts and adsorbers. Assessment of their surface charge and particle size could provide useful information on their possible interactions with dispersed species in aqueous media.…”