Clay mineral assemblages in weathered basalt profiles from central and southern Portugal: climatic significance

Prudêncio, M.I.; Braga, M. A. Sequeira; Paquet, Hélène; Waerenborgh, J.C.; Pereira, Laura C. J.; Gouveia, M. A.

doi:10.1016/s0341-8162(02)00018-8

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Quartz and muscovites with the composition KAl 2 Si 3 AlO 10 (OH) 2 , KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 (phlogopite), or (K, Na)Al 2 (SiAl) 4 O 10 (OH) 2 , in addition to plagioclase and K-feldspar, are significant components of the basement rocks. Nontronite has also been observed in basalt, as a weathering product of labradorite in the eastern Snake River Plain basalts for example (Wood and Low 1986); smectite and kaolinite minerals are the dominant weathering products of basalts from eastern New South Wales (Craig and Loughnan 1964), basalts north-northwest of Melbourne (Nesbitt and Wilson 1992), and basalts in central and southern Portugal (Prudêncio et al 2002 ], which occur as secondary product in vesicles or along fractures in basalt or as nodules in clays. Hematite and goethite are also observed as accessory minerals in basalts in Portgual (Prudêncio et al 2002), while gibbsite, siderite and iron oxides, and oxyhydroxides commonly infill vesicles in the basalts of the Kerikeri area of North Auckland (Carr et al 1980).…”

Section: Mineralogy Of the Atherton Tablelands Basalt Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analcime can also be classed as a zeolite mineral, which may form as a weathering product of volcanic ash. Analcime may be present as a primary mineral in some basalts occurring as phenocrysts or in the groundmass (Deer et al 1966;Liou 1971) and is also a common secondary mineral in basalt at low temperatures (\50°C) (White et al 1980;Arnórsson 1999;Prudêncio et al 2002). The zeolites chabazite [CaAlSi 4 O 12 .6H 2 O] that may occur in cavities in basalt (Hamilton et al 1989;Tschernich 1992) and a phase identified as either gottardiite [Na 3 Mg 3 Ca 5 Al 19-Si 117 O 272 .93H 2 O] or boggsite [NaCa 2 (Al 5 Si 19 O 48 ).17H 2 O] are common accessory minerals in the Atherton basalt samples.…”

Section: Mineralogy Of the Atherton Tablelands Basalt Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apatite has also been observed in small quantities in the Tertiary basalts of the Baynton profile north-north-west of Melbourne (Nesbitt and Wilson 1992) and in the Tertiary basalts of Northern Ireland (Hill et al 2000) and Mexico City (Edmunds et al 2002), and magnetite as an accessory mineral in basalts in Portugal (Prudêncio et al 2002). The amount of amorphous material in the Atherton samples was estimated through the use of corundum (Al 2 O 3 ) as an internal standard.…”

Section: Mineralogy Of the Atherton Tablelands Basalt Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water–Rock Interactions: An Investigation of the Relationships Between Mineralogy and Groundwater Composition and Flow in a Subtropical Basalt Aquifer

2011

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A holistic study of the composition of the basalt groundwaters of the Atherton Tablelands region in Queensland, Australia was undertaken to elucidate possible mechanisms for the evolution of these very low salinity, silica-and bicarbonate-rich groundwaters. It is proposed that aluminosilicate mineral weathering is the major contributing process to the overall composition of the basalt groundwaters. The groundwaters approach equilibrium with respect to the primary minerals with increasing pH and are mostly in equilibrium with the major secondary minerals (kaolinite and smectite), and other secondary phases such as goethite, hematite, and gibbsite, which are common accessory minerals in the Atherton basalts. The mineralogy of the basalt rocks, which has been examined using X-ray diffraction and whole rock geochemistry methods, supports the proposed model for the hydrogeochemical evolution of these groundwaters: precipitation ? CO 2 (atmospheric ? soil) ? pyroxene ? feldspars ? olivine yields H 4 SiO 4 , HCO 3 -, Mg 2? , Na ? , Ca 2? ? kaolinite and smectite clays ? amorphous or crystalline silica ? accessory minerals (hematite, goethite, gibbsite, carbonates, zeolites, and pyrite). The variations in the mineralogical content of these basalts also provide insights into the controls on groundwater storage and movement in this aquifer system. The fresh and weathered vesicular basalts are considered to be important in terms of zones of groundwater occurrence, while the fractures in the massive basalt are important pathways for groundwater movement.

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Section: Mineralogy Of the Atherton Tablelands Basalt Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mineralogy Of the Atherton Tablelands Basalt Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mineralogy Of the Atherton Tablelands Basalt Aquifer Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water–Rock Interactions: An Investigation of the Relationships Between Mineralogy and Groundwater Composition and Flow in a Subtropical Basalt Aquifer

2011

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“…Basalt is a dominant rock type on Mars (Soderblom, 1992;Bandfield et al, 2000;McSween et al, 2003), and weathering of basalt can lead to smectite formation in a variety of climatic conditions on Earth (Claridge and Campbell, 1984;Eggleton et al, 1987;Smith et al, 1987;Karrat et al, 1998;Prudencio et al, 2002). However, in dry conditions, smectite-formation can be kinetically inhibited such that allophane and halloysite form at the expense of primary minerals during weathering (Ziegler et al, 2003).…”

Section: Geologic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical constraints on the high-silica martian surface component observed by TES

Michalski¹,

Kraft²,

Sharp³

et al. 2005

Icarus

137

138

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“…Portugal (Prudêncio et al 2002), Galápagos (Stoops 2013), and Hungary (Madarász et al 2013). On the territory of the Czech Republic, only selected properties of soils developed on volcanic rocks have been evaluated and described.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pedogenesis on volcanic rocks in protected landscape areas in Central and North Bohemia

Žigová

Šťastný

2014

Soil & Water Res.

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AbstractŽigová A., Šťastný M. (2014): Pedogenesis on volcanic rocks in protected landscape areas in Central and North Bohemia. Soil & Water Res., 9: 153-160.The development of soil cover on volcanic rocks in Central and North Bohemia was analyzed. The study was performed in the protected landscape areas on basalt, andesite, and dolerite. Parent material was characterized on the basis of thin-section study. Petrography of the parent material makes it possible to document the differences in the texture, character, and amount of rock-forming minerals. All the studied sequences exhibit the same configuration of soil profiles but various thicknesses. The soil profiles were evaluated on the basis of particle size distribution, chemical properties, soil organic matter parameters, and mineral composition of clay fraction. The major specific pedogenic process in soils developed on volcanic rocks is weathering of parent material and development of the Bw horizon with the formation of mainly smectite from the group of swelling clay minerals. The results revealed differences in the formation of the Bw horizon which is significantly affected by the petrography of the parent material and local geological conditions. According to the type of volcanic rocks, the intensity of the developmental process of the Bw horizon is as follows: andesite (Týřovické skály) > dolerite (Záhrabská) > basalt (Březina).

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Clay mineral assemblages in weathered basalt profiles from central and southern Portugal: climatic significance

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

Water–Rock Interactions: An Investigation of the Relationships Between Mineralogy and Groundwater Composition and Flow in a Subtropical Basalt Aquifer

Water–Rock Interactions: An Investigation of the Relationships Between Mineralogy and Groundwater Composition and Flow in a Subtropical Basalt Aquifer

Mineralogical constraints on the high-silica martian surface component observed by TES

Pedogenesis on volcanic rocks in protected landscape areas in Central and North Bohemia

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